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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY LEC > TOPIC 7 - URINARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

TOPIC 7 - URINARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

System that deals with reproductive system or reproduction

A

Genital system

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2
Q

System that deals with urinary excretion

A

Urinary system

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3
Q

Other term for urogenital system

A

Urogenital system/Apparatus urogenitalis

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4
Q

Remnant structure that gives rise to male reproductive system

A

Wolffian ducts

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5
Q

Remnant structure that gives rise to female reproductive system

A

Paramesonephric/mesonephric/mullerian ducts

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6
Q

What are the primary functions of urinary system?

A
  1. Removal of waste
  2. Regulates the composition of blood plasma
  3. Elimination of urine
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7
Q

Paired, reddish-brown organ which are generally bean-shaped.

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

Kidneys are located at the ____ part of abdominal cavity, at the side of ____ and _____ _____ just ventral to first few _____ vertebra.

A

dorsal; aorta; vena cava; lumbar

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9
Q

Kidneys usually extend from lumbar ____ to lumbar ____ ventrally.

A

1;4

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10
Q

In most domestic animals, left kidney is more cranial than right. True or False?

A

False, other way around.

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11
Q

Fibroconnective tissue covering of kidney

A

Renal capsule

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12
Q

Indented portion of kidney where renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter.

A

Renal hilus

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13
Q

Interdigitations of renal pyramids

A

Renal papilla

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14
Q

Structure situated between renal papilla

A

Minor calices

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15
Q

Minor calices fuse to form ____ calices which is continuous with ____ ____.

A

major; renal pelvis

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16
Q

What are the regions of the kidney?

A
  1. Renal cortex
  2. Renal medulla
  3. Renal pelvis
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17
Q

Functional or structural unit of kidney

A

Nephron

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18
Q

Two components of renal corpuscles

A

Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

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19
Q

Part of nephron that filters blood from afferent and efferent arteriole

A

Glomerulus

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20
Q

Part of nephron that collect the filtrate from glomerulus

A

Bowman’s capsule

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21
Q

Part of nephron that reabsorbs glucose & amino acidsd

A

Proximal tubules

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22
Q

Part of nephron that is the target site for diuretic agents and anti-diuretic hormones

A

Distal tubules

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23
Q

Give the different renal blood vessels.

A
  1. Renal artery and veins
  2. Interlobar arteries and vein
  3. Arcuate arteries and vein
  4. Interlobular arteries and vein (afferent and
    efferent arterioles)
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24
Q

Tubes that connect renal pelvis of the kidney to urinary bladder

25
Narrow muscular portion o the excretory ducts of the kidneys
Ureter
26
Each ureter leaves the renal pelvis and ends by penetrating the _____ wall of the bladder at an _____ angle.
dorsal; oblique
27
The end of the ureters is valved. True or False?
True
28
What prevent regurgitation in ureters?
1. Valve 2. Oblique angle
29
Hollow pyriform/pyramidal muscular sac lying on the pelvic floor which serves as temporary storage site for urine
Urinary bladder
30
According to the distension of urinary bladder, it can extend onto ____ abdominal wall.
ventral
31
Which aspect of urinary bladder bloats when filled with urine?
Ventral aspect
32
Main part of the urinary bladder having a dorsal and ventral surface.
Body
33
The constricted portion of the urinary bladder continuous posteriorly with the urethra.
Neck
34
The blunt, flask-shaped anterior extremity of urinary bladder that is attached to the urethra.
Fundus
35
It is the scar on the fundus which indicates the fetal attachment of the urachus.
Centrum
36
During embryonic and fetal development, urinary bladder is connected to the umbilicus by way of _____.
Urachus
37
The triangular area in the vicinity of the neck of urinary bladder; formed by mucous membrane.
Trigone
38
What structure dictates the need to urinate?
Trigone
39
Three peritoneal folds keeping the urinary bladder in position
a. Middle umbilical folds b. Two lateral umbilical folds
40
This structure commences at the neck of the bladder and terminates at the exterior.
Urethra
41
The only accessory gland present in dog
Prostate gland
42
Portion of urethra extending from bladder to ischial arch; internal inside abdominal cavity
Pelvic urethra
43
Portion of urethra extending from ischial arch to glans penis; exterior near penile region
Extra-pelvic urethra
44
UTI are more common in females due to ?
Length or relative size of their urethra
45
Female urethra is short and dilatable. True or False?
True
46
Renal pelvis of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra are lined with what type of epithelium?
Transitional epithelium
47
Near the urethral orifice, the usual type of epithelium changes into what epithelium?
Stratified squamous epithelium
48
This animal's kidney has no renal pelvis.
Ox
49
This animal's kidney is lobulated.
Ox
50
Within this animal's kidney, the minor calyces embrace the renal papillae leading into major calyces into ureter.
Ox, pig
51
The renal papillae of this animal is fused to form renal crest.
Horse, sheep
52
The right kidney of horse is in what shape?
Heart-shaped
53
The left kidney of horse is in what shaped?
Bean-shaped
54
This animal's kidney is bean-shaped and its renal crest has two projections namely dorsal & ventral buttresses.
Sheep
55
This animal's kidney is bean-shaped and its renal pyramids are fused but their papillae are separate.
Pig
56
This animal's kidney is bean-shaped and its renal pyramids fused into renal crest.
Dog
57
The renal crest of this animal's kidney projects into distinct renal pelvis.
Dog
58
The subscapular renal vessels found in the kidneys of Felidae
Stellate veins

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY LEC (10 decks)

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