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Small Animal medicine 1 - Oral > Topic 39 - Physical and additional examination of the genital tract in female and male animals. > Flashcards

Topic 39 - Physical and additional examination of the genital tract in female and male animals. Flashcards

1
Q

Reproductive organs of male:

A
  1. Scrotum
    2.Testicles
    3.Epididymides
  2. Penis
    5.Prepuce
  3. Prostategland
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2
Q

Reproductive organs of female:

A

1.Vulva
2. Vagina
3. Uterus
4.Ovaries
5. Nipples

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3
Q

Indications to do a reproductive organs examination:

A

Directs signs: Vaginal discharge, silent heat

Indirect signs: Alopecia, Defecation complaint, systemic illness/fever

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4
Q

Examination steps of male reproductive tract:

A
  1. Nationale
  2. History
  3. Physical examination
  4. Additional examination
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5
Q

Part of nationale:

A

AGE

Young = developmental defects

Old = prostate, neoplasms

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6
Q

Part of history:

A

– Reproductive state: intact/castrated
– Libido, fertility, internal medicine complaints

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7
Q

Examination method and parameters of scrotum

A

Inspection, Palpation

  1. Skin: Surface, painful, temperature, thickness
  2. Content
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8
Q

Abnormalities of scrotum:

A

scrotal dermatitis
scrotal hernia

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9
Q

Examination method and parameters of testes and epididymus:

A

Inspection, Palpation

Localization, size, shape, structure, surface, painfulness, symmetry, movability, consistency

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10
Q

Abnormalities of testes and epididymis:

A
  1. cryptorchidism
  2. orchitis = testis inflammation
  3. epididymitis = epididymis inflammation
  4. testicular neoplasm
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11
Q

Examination method and parameters of penis:

A

Inspection, Palpation

Shape, size, painfulness, consistency, intactness, colour of mucosa

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12
Q

Abnormalities of penis:

A

Intactness of urethra

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13
Q

Examination method and parameters of prepuce:

A

Inspection, Palpation

Integrity, colour of skin, mucosa, orifice, discharge

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14
Q

Abnormalities with prepuce:

A
  1. phimosis
  2. paraphimosis
  3. Infection with discharge
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15
Q

Examination method and parameters of prostate gland:

A

Palpation - Rectal digital palpation

Localization, size, shape, structure, surface, painfulness,
symmetry, movability, consistency

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16
Q

Abnormalities with prostate gland:

A
  • hypertrophy
  • tumor
  • abscess, cyst
17
Q

Additional exams done for testes:

A
  1. Routine laboratory tests
  2. US
  3. Surgical castration& histopathology
18
Q

Additional exams done for prostate:

A
  1. Routine laboratory tests
  2. US
  3. X-ray (also penis)
  4. Cytology, biopsy& histopathology
  5. Laparotomy, laparoscopy
  6. If abscess: bacterial culture
19
Q

Examination steps of female reproductive tract:

A
  1. Nationale
  2. History
  3. Physical examination
  4. Additional examinations
20
Q

Information important in nationale and history

A

Age
Breed
Reproductive state

21
Q

Breed predispositions in female reproductive tract:

A

English bulldog: Dystocia

22
Q

Reproductive state information important to know about females:

A

If neutered, intact and oestrus cycle

23
Q

Examination method and parameters in case of vulva and perivulvar areas:

A

Inspection, Palpation

  1. Skin: Shape, size, intact, symmetry
  2. Vulvar opening: Mucosa, moisture, blood vessels, discharge
24
Q

Examination method and parameters in case of vagina:

A

Inspection, Palpation - Limited

Look at: mucosa, surface, pain, consistency, deformities

25
Q

Abnormalities with vagina:

A

Inflammation
Trauma
Neoplasm
(Presence of foetus)

26
Q

Examination method and parameters in case of uterus and ovaries areas:

A

Palpation through abdomen, but only if enlaged

27
Q

Abnormalities of uterus and ovaries:

A
  • Pyometra, mucometra
  • Pregnancy
  • Tumor
28
Q

Examination method and parameters in case of mammary glands:

A

Inspection, Palpation

Look at: Localization, symmetry, shape, size, skin, temperature,
painfulness, structure, deformities; milk

29
Q

abnormalities of mammary glands

A
  • Pregnancy
  • Pseudopregnancy
  • Mastitis
  • Mammary gland tumor
30
Q

Additional examination for female reproductive tract:

A
  1. Routine laboratory test
  2. Cytology
  3. Microbiology: discharge, milk
  4. Endocrine assays:
  5. Ultrasonography
  6. Radiography
  7. Vaginoscopy
31
Q

Difference between phimosis and paraphimosis

A

Phimosis is when a prepuce can’t be pulled down (retracted) from the tip of the penis.

Paraphimosis is when the prepuce is retracted but can’t move back up

Small Animal medicine 1 - Oral (45 decks)

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