topics 3.5-3.7

Question 1

Which age-structure diagram best depicts the ages in a population that is in stage 3 of the demographic transition?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Answer 1

b.

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown above?
a. There is a low infant mortality rate.
b. A high percentage of the population has access to medical care.
c. There is a low population growth rate.
d. There is a high total fertility rate.

Answer 2

d. There is a high total fertility rate.

Question 3

Which of the following age structure diagrams represents a population that most likely has a negative growth rate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Answer 3

d.

Question 4

Countries undergoing rapid populations growth include which of the following?
a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. II and III only
e. I, II, and III

Answer 4

a. I only

Question 5

A country with an age distribution like that shown in the figure above, is most likely a country that
a. is experiencing rapid growth
b. is experiencing slow or no population growth
c. is experiencing a high death rate
d. has 40% of the population under age 15
e. is a less-developed country

Answer 5

b. is experiencing slow or no population growth

Question 6

Which of the following countries is most likely represented in the age structure diagram shown above?
a. county A
b. country B
c. Country C
d. Country D

Answer 6

b. Country B

Question 7

The total fertility rate in country A was 6.8 in 1980. Which of the following statements best supports the change in the total fertility rate in country A between 1980 and 2015?
a. The total fertility rate increased as a result of improved health care and better nutrition.
b. The total fertility rate remained constant even though there was improved access to clean water.
c. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use.
d. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of increased infant mortality rate.

Answer 7

c. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use.

Question 8

Which of the following countries has achieved replacement-level fertility?
a. Country A
b. Country B
c. Country C
d. Country D

Answer 8

c. Country C

Question 9

Represents the biotic potential of the species
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 9

a. A

Question 10

Represents the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 10

b. B

Question 11

Represents the growth of a population predicted by the logistic model
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 11

c. C

Question 12

Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society?
a. The total fertility of a society is the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.
b. The total fertility of a society is the number of children necessary for a couple to replace themselves in the next generation.
c. The total fertility of a society is positively correlated with the average education of women.
d. The total fertility of a society is negatively correlated with the number of women of child-bearing age.
e. The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

Answer 12

e. The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

Question 13

Population growing exponentially
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 13

a. A

Question 14

Population growing at a decreasing rate
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 14

b. B

Question 15

Population decreasing at greatest rate
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Answer 15

d. D

Question 16

Which of the following is a true statement about replacement-level fertility?
a. It equals the average number of children a woman will give birth to during her child-bearing years.
b. It equals the annual number of live births per 1,000 people in a population.
c. It equals the natural increase of a population in one year.
d. It is found by subtracting the number of emigrants from the number of immigrants in one year.
e. It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

Answer 16

e. It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

Question 17

Factors that affect the total fertility rate of a human population include which of the following?

I. Cultural traditions

II. Government policies and economic incentives

III. Education level and economic opportunities for females

Answer 17

a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II only
d. II and III only
e. I, II, and III

Question 18

In a human population, the population momentum effect is most likely to occur in cases in which a large percent of people in the population are in which age-group?
a. younger than eighteen years old
b. between thirty and forty-four years old
c. between fort-five and fifty-four years old
d. between fifty-five and sixty years old
e. older than sixty-five years old

Answer 18

a. younger than eighteen years old

Question 19

Which of the following statements best describes the trends in the data shown in the graph above?
a. Countries that are larger in total area have higher total fertility rates.
b. Rwanda and Zambia are most likely experiencing population decline.
c. More-developed countries tend to have lower total fertility rates than less-developed countries.
d. By 2010, all countries had reached replacement-level fertility rates.

Answer 19

c. More-developed countries tend to have lower total fertility rates than less-developed countries.

Question 20

The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is
a. a decrease in the spread of pandemic diseases like Ebola
b. an increase in the total fertility rate in developed nations
c. an increased global food supply as a result of climate change
d. increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations
e. medical advances that will increase the life spans of people in developing nations

Answer 20

d. increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations

Question 21

What two main factors would best indicate the quality of life of a country’s population?
a. The total fertility rate and the death rate
b. The crude birth rate and crude death rate
c. The birth rate and the infant mortality rate
d. The replacement-level fertility rate and the total fertility rate
e. The life expectancy and the infant mortality rate

Answer 21

e. The life expectancy and the infant mortality rate

Question 22

Which of the following best exemplifies population momentum?
a. Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level
b. Continued growth of a population due to emigration
c. Decreased population due to increase in the death rate
d. Decreased population due to a reduced death rate and an increased fertility rate
e. Growth of a population after the fertility rate doubles

Answer 22

a. Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level

Question 23

By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth?
a. North and Central America
b. Central and South America
c. Eastern and Western Europe
d. Africa and Asia
e. Australia and New Zealand

Answer 23

d. Africa and Asia

Question 24

Which of the following is the best description of a population that has a stable age distribution?
a. A large population that is growing at a constant rate
b. A large population with a negative growth rate
c. A population that is in the early stages of logistic population growth
d. A growing population in which the proportions of individuals in the different age classes remain constant
e. A small population that has not yet achieved exponential growth

Answer 24

d. A growing population in which the proportions of individuals in the different age classes remain constant