Trace minerals

Question 1

9 trace minerals?

Answer 1

Chromium鉻
Copper
Fluoride
Iodine
Iron
Manganese錳
Molybdenum钼
Selenium硒
Zinc

Question 2

Trace minerals RDA?
function?

Answer 2

• Dietary requirement: <100mg/day
  functions:
• Cofactor for enzymes
• Component of hormones
• Participate in oxidation-reduction reactions
• Essential for growth
• Essential for normal function of immune system

Question 3

Iron

Answer 3

Oxygen transport
component of two hemeproteins * Myoglobin
* In muscle, facilitate movement of
oxygen into muscle cells
* Haemoglobin
* In red blood cells transport oxygen
in blood
* With iron, heme proteins can
easily load and unload oxygen
* Gives colour of blood

Question 4

Iron RDA?
food sources?

Answer 4

20 mg /d
Dried beans
* Dried fruits
* Eggs (especially egg yolks)
* Iron-fortified cereals
* Liver
* Lean red meat (especially
beef)
* Oysters
* Poultry, dark red meat
* Salmon
* Tuna
* Whole grains

Question 5

• Iron deficiency?

Answer 5

anaemia
* Symptoms:
* feeling tired and weak
* decreased work and school performance
* slow cognitive and social development during childhood
* difficulty maintaining body temperature
* decreased immune function, which increases susceptibility to infection
* glossitis (an inflamed tongue)

Question 6

Functions of zinc?

Answer 6

• Is required for the
  catalytic activity of ~ 100
  enzymes
• Role in immune function
• Protein synthesis
• Integral to many
  proteins that affects
• DNA synthesis and repair
• Cell cycle progression
• Apoptosis
• Wound healing
• Supports normal growth
  and development during
  pregnancy, childhood and
  adolescence
• Is required for proper
  sense of taste and smell
• Also enhances action of
  insulin
• Antioxidation

Question 7

Zine RDA?
Food Sources of Zinc

Answer 7

20 mg/d
Oysters, which are the best source of zinc.
* Red meat, poultry, seafood such as crab and lobsters,
* Beans, nuts, whole grains, and dairy products, which
provide some zinc

Question 8

Chromium鉻
AI?
Food sources?

Answer 8

enhance the action of insulin
AI:30 ug
Food sources:
Meat and whole-grain products, as well as some fruits, vegetables, and spices香料
foods provide only small

Question 9

Copper
Functions?
AI?
food sources?

Answer 9

make hemoglobin (to carry oxygen in red blood cells)
Serves as a part of enzymes
develop connective tissues - myelin and melanin
produce energy in the cells
AI: 0.8 mg
Food sources:
Oysters and other shellfish, whole grains, beans, nuts, potatoes,
and organ meats (kidneys, liver) are good sources of copper
* Dark leafy greens, dried fruits such as prunes, cocoa, black
pepper, and yeast are also sources of copper in the diet.

Question 10

copper Deficiency?

Answer 10

• Anaemia
• Decreased number of white blood cells
• Bone abnormalities
  non toxic

Question 11

Fluoride
Functions?

Answer 11

help protect from tooth decay腐蝕
protection from osteoporosis or brittle bone
disease by helping to strengthen the bones
AI: 1.5 mg UL:3.5 mg
Food sources:
not widely available in food
tea especially made with fluoridated water
Fish with edible bones, such as canned salmon

Question 12

Functions of Selenium?

Answer 12

• Antioxidation
• Selenium is incorporated into proteins to make selenoproteins, which are important
  antioxidant enzymes
• Help prevent cellular damage from free radicals.
• Thyroid hormone metabolism
• DNA synthesis

Question 13

Selenium RDA?
food?

Answer 13

60 mcg/d
meats and seafood.
* Some nuts

Question 14

Iodine ?

Answer 14

production of thyroid hormones
* 120ug / day
A 1/4 teaspoon of iodized table salt provides 95
micrograms of iodine
* A 6-ounce portion of ocean fish provides 650
micrograms of iodine
Deficiency
* Goiter or hypothyroidism.

Question 15

Manganese

Answer 15

• Key component of several enzymes
  4.5 mg/day
• Tea
• Nuts
• Cereals
• Fruit like pineapple