Flashcards in Trachte Diuretics Deck (42):
1
Two drugs that inhibit NKCC pump?
Furosemide
Bumetanide
2
Where is the NKCC pump?
Thick ascending loop of henle
3
How does the NKCC pump affect tubular fluid osmolality?
makes it hyPO-osmolar
**no aquaporins in thick ascending loop
4
Uses for loop diuretics?
pulm edema
edema
hyperkalemia
acute renal failure
anion OD
5
Chlorthalidone?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule
**a thiazide diuretic
6
HCTZ?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tuble
7
Metalazone?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule
thiazide diuretic
8
Thiazides used to treat?
HTN
CHF
nephrolithiasis caused by hypercalcemia
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
9
Major side effect of Thiazides?
Hyperglycemia
-suppress insulin release
hypOkalemia
HLD
hypOnatremia
allergic RXN
10
What happens with thiazide + ACE inhib?
SYNERGY
RAAS perpetuation??
11
3 K sparing diuretics?
Spironolactone
Amiloride
Triamterene
12
ADH analogs (2)?
What do they do?
Vasopressin
desmopressin (synthetic)
recruit aquaporins in the medulla
13
Demecocycline?
antibiotic with ADH antagonism
14
Where does ADH originate?
hypothalamus/pituitary
15
What stimulates ADH release?
reduction in plasma volume
increase in plasma osmolality
16
What receptors are stimulated by ADH?
AVPR1--PI3/Ca-->vasoconstriction
AVPR2--cAMP-->insert aquaporins
17
Major osmotic diuretic not reabsorbed into the nephron:
mannitol
18
What is SGLT-2? Where is it?
sodium glucose transporter
proximal tubule
19
3 SGLT-2 transporter inhibitors:
"flozins"
Canigliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Gliflozin
20
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor:
acetazolamide
blocks conversion of H2CO3 --> H20+CO2
21
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor?
allopurinol
reduces uric acid
22
Inhibit renal organic acid transporters (OATs) of urate to facilitate excretion (2):
Probenicid
Sulfinpyrazone
**proximal tubule
23
Net effect of thiazide diuretics on OATs?
increase blood uric acid
24
Actual channel blocked by Amiloride and Triamterene?
ENaC
25
Used to acidify urine?
Ammonium Chloride
26
Another drug for gout?
colchicine
27
Furosemide?
loop diuretic
28
bumetanide
loop diuretic
29
chlorthalidone
thiazide diuretic
30
hydrochlorothiazide
thiazide diuretic
31
metalozone
thiazide diuretic
32
spironolactone
Blocks Aldosterone receptor
K sparring diuretic
33
Amiloride
blocks ENaC
K sparring diuretic
34
Triamterene
blocks ENaC
K sparring diuretic
35
Antidiuretic hormone
increases aquaporin channels in collecting duct
concentrates urine
36
desmopressin
increases aquaporin channels in collecting duct
concentrates urine
37
Mannitol
exerts osmotic effect in proximal tubule to reduce water reabsorption
38
"flozins"
SGLT-2 inhibitors
reduce glucose reabsorption
39
Acetazolomide
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
blocks reabsorption in prox tubule
**mostly used for glaucoma and excess CSF production
40
probenicid
suppresses urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
41
sulfinpyrazone
suppresses urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
42