Renal Basics Flashcards

1
Q

9 jobs of the kidney:

A
  1. Filtration
  2. blood pressure
  3. Na+ homeostasis
  4. K+ homeostasis
  5. H2O homeastasis
  6. Bone/mineral – vit D, PO4, Ca2+
  7. Acid/Base
  8. RBC production and regulation (EPO)
  9. gluconeogenesis
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2
Q

% of CO that gets first pass renal flow?

A

20%

** ~1000 mL blood per min!!!

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3
Q

Normal RPF (renal plasma flow):

A

600 mL/min

or 60% of the 1000 mL total renal blood flow

**40% of blood is RBCs

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4
Q

3 structure that create the barrier between glomerular capilary lumen and Bowman’s space:

A
  1. capillary endothelium
  2. basement membrane
  3. podocytes
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5
Q

What is allowed to pass through glomerlular capillary endothelium?

A

anything except protein and cells

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6
Q

Aside from size, what affects passage through BM and podocyte slits?

A

charge

**negative charge make passage of negatively charged particle (ie. albumin) more difficult

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7
Q

Size cutoff for freely filtered plasma components?

A

= 7,000 D

Na- 23 D

K- 39 D

urea- 60 D

Creatinine- 113 D

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8
Q

Size cutoff for plasma components to be completely excluded from filtration?

A

> 70,000 D

albumin= 66,000 D (and is neg charged so normally does not filter)

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9
Q

Normal glomerular capillary pressure:

A

60 mmHg

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10
Q

Normal Bowman’s space pressure:

A

15 mmHg

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11
Q

Normal glomerular capillary oncotic pressure:

A

29 mmHg

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12
Q

Normal Bowman’s space oncotic pressure:

A

0 mmHg

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13
Q

Net ultrafiltration pressure=?

A

(glomerular cap pressure + Bowman’s space oncotic pressu [both favor filtration]) - (Bowman’s space pressure + glomerular capillary oncotic pressure [both favor absorption])

Normal: (60 + 0) - (15 + 29)= 16 mmHg

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14
Q

Normal GFR?

A

180 L/day

125 mL/min

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15
Q

normal plasma flow in Efferent artery (ml/min)?

A

475 mL/min

600 mL (afferent) - 125 mL filtered by glomeruli

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16
Q

Prostaglandins effect on glomeruli?

A

dilate afferent arteriole

17
Q

NE effect on glomeruli?

A

constrict afferent and efferent arterioles

18
Q

Angiotensin II effect on glomeruli?

A

constrict afferent and efferent arterioles

**more efferent???

19
Q

General equation for GFR:

A

GFR= excretion rate of unique solute (not reabsorbed)/(plasma conc of unique solute)

20
Q

Cockcroft-Gault equation:

A

CrCl=

[(140-age) x weight(kg) x 0.82(if female)] / [serum Cr x 72]