Transfusion

Question 1

What characteristics do you want in a donor dog?

Answer 1

>25kg
friendly 
healthy 
1-8 years old 
vaccinated 
wormed
no travel Hx 
no previous transfusion

Question 2

What characteristics do you want in a donor dog?

Answer 2

Indoor if poss 
FeLV, FIV & mycoplasma negative 
vaccinated 
wormed 
no travel Hx 
>5kg 
friendly 
healthy

Question 3

When should you give whole blood?

Answer 3

blood loss (i.e. los of cells and volume)
Haemostatic disorders

Question 4

How should you store packed RBCs and how long can you store them for?

Answer 4

1 month

fridge

Question 5

What are the indications for packed RBCs?

Answer 5

anaemia without volume loss eg bone marrow disease, haemolysis

Question 6

How do you make fresh frozen plasma?

Answer 6

separate and freeze within 24h

Question 7

How long can you keep fresh frozen plasma?

Answer 7

up to 1 year

Question 8

What are the major indications for fresh frozen plasma?

Answer 8

Clotting problems e.g. rodenticide, vitamin K deficiency, haemophilia

Question 9

What is liquid / frozen plasma?

Answer 9

liquid plasma - unfrozen

frozen plasma - frozen after 24h window

Question 10

How long can you keep frozen plasma for?

Answer 10

Up to 5 years

Question 11

What is the disadvantage of frozen plasma cf fresh frozen plasma?

Answer 11

low in factors V, VIII and VWF

Question 12

What is frozen plasma indicated for?

Answer 12

rodenticide
vitamin K deficiency
Haemophilia B

Question 13

How do you make cryoprecipitate?

Answer 13

Get fresh frozen plasma, partially defrost, centrifuge

Question 14

How long can cryoprecipitate be frozen for?

Answer 14

1 year

Question 15

What is cryoprecipitate enriched in?

Answer 15

factors V, VIII and VWF

Question 16

What is the best product to give before elective surgery in a VW disease dog?

Answer 16

cryoprecipitate

Question 17

why do you give dogs desmopressin before taking blood for cryoprecipitate?

Answer 17

Increases VWF release

Question 18

Which blood product contains (probably) useful platelets?

Answer 18

whole blood only

Question 19

What is the typing system in dogs?

Answer 19

DEA

DEA1 neg or pos

Question 20

If blood agglutinates on the spot of the card for DEA 1 is it neg or pos?

Answer 20

pos

Question 21

What is the typing system in cats?

Answer 21

A, B, AB

Question 22

Which species must be typed before transfusion?

Answer 22

cats

Question 23

How should blood products be administered

Answer 23

First half slow (1ml.kg.hr)

Must give all over 6 hrs maximum. Need filter

Question 24

What should you keep an eye on during transfusion?

Answer 24

TPR, urticaria, erythema

Question 25

What should you do if you suspect a transfusion reaction?

Answer 25

Stop transfusion ECG and BP Symptomatic Tx

Question 26

When should you cross match?

Answer 26

Transfusion >4 days ago Previous transfusion reaction Transfusion history unknown

Question 27

What is major and minor cross matching

Answer 27

It is major or minor with respect to the donor. Major: donor cells, recipient plasma Minor: donor plasma, recipient cells Need to do both