Transport in cells

Question 1

What is diffusion?

Answer 1

The spreading out of area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 2

Why is diffusion important in living organisms?

Answer 2

diffusion is how useful substances are transported into cells and how waster products are removed from cells

Question 3

What factors affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 3

surface area of the cell
diffusion distance
temperature
the difference in concentration between the inside and outside of the cell

Question 4

Why is diffusion important in animals?

Answer 4

gas exchange: oxygen in blood diffuses into cells for respiration
carbon dioxide, a waste product of respiration, diffuses out of cells into the blood
abortion of nutrients into the blood across the small intestine

Question 5

Why is diffusion important in plants?

Answer 5

carbon dioxide diffuses into palisade cells in leaves for photosynthesis
oxygen, a waste product of photosynthesis diffuses out of leaf palisade cells

Question 6

How are exchange organs adapted for their function?

Answer 6

have a large surface area and thin walls for a short diffusion distance
animals have a good blood supply to maintain the concentration gradient

Question 7

Name three organs that are adapted for gaseous exchange in plants and animals

Answer 7

lungs
fish gills
leaf
roots

Question 8

What is osmosis?

Answer 8

osmosis is the diffusion of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane that allows the passage of water molecules

Question 9

What is active transport?

Answer 9

this is when substances are absorbed against a concentration gradient, and this process requires energy