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MicroBio - Parasitology > Trematodes - Cal > Flashcards

Trematodes - Cal Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Trematodes AKA?

A

Flukes

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2
Q

Two types of suckers on a trematode?

A

Oral sucker (mouth)

Ventral sucker (acetabulum - “hold-fast” organ)

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3
Q

Most flukes/trematodes are mono or dioecious?

A

Monoecious

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4
Q

Trematodes usually have two intermediate hosts, which class only has one intermediate host?

A

Schistosomes

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5
Q

Most trematode ova are operculated. Which class is non-operculated?

A

Schistosomes

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6
Q

The larval stage of ALL trematodes?

A

Miracidium

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7
Q

Where does miracidium hatch? What’s a feature of miracidium?

A

Hatch in water

Miracidium are ciliated

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8
Q

Trematode larval stage that completes development in the snail?

A

Cercaria

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9
Q

Cercaria characteristics?

A

larval stage that completes development in the snail

free swimming

Infective form to man (for dioecious/schistosomes)

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10
Q

Encysted cercaria?

A

METAcercaria

Infective form

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11
Q

Lung fluke?

A

Paragonimus westermani

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12
Q

TB-like ssx

Fibrosis

Extrapulmonary abscesses

A

Paragonimus westermani

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13
Q

Paragonimus westermani found?

A

Asia, N/S America, Africa, India

SOOOO not Europe/Antarctica/Austrlia

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14
Q

How would one go about acquiring the lung fluke? (Paragonimus westermani)

A

Humans INGEST inadequately cooked/pickled crustaceans containing METACERCARIAE

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15
Q

Paragonimus westermani has two intermediate hosts, which are?

A

Snail -> Crab/crawfish

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16
Q

Two methods of specimen ID for Paragonimus westermani… Which is preferred?

A

Sputum preferre (lung fluke, right?)

Feces is also an option

EGGS

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17
Q

Paragonimus westermani egg is oval with what notable feature?

A

Operculum

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18
Q

Sheep liver fluke?

A

Fasciola hepatica

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19
Q

Fasciola hepatica mode of infection?

A

ingestion of metacercariae

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20
Q

Fasciola hepatica diagnosis?

A

UNembryonated eggs passed in feces

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21
Q

Fasciola hepatica hosts?

A

Snail -> fresh water vegetation

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22
Q

Specimen of choice for Fasciola hepatica?

A

eggs

Operculum present, but indistinct

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23
Q

Infected waterplants (watercress?), what you got?

A

Fasciola hepatica

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24
Q

Fasciola hepatica distribution?

A

Worldwide

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25
Adults of Fasciola hepatica likely found where in humans?
Bile ducts/liver tissue
26
Giant intestinal fluke?
Fasciolopsis buski
27
Biting through the husks of water chestnuts?
Fasciolopsis buski
28
Fasciolopsis buski ingested in what form?
METAcercariae on WATER plants | similar mode to fasciola hepatica...
29
Fasciolopsis buski: snail -> aquatic vegetation.. what's the other trematode with a similar route?
Fasciola hepatica
30
Fasciolopsis buski: feces is specimen of choice... Their eggs look a lot like?
Fasciola hepatica
31
Fasciolopsis buski found mostly where?
SE Asia, India, China
32
Fasciolopsis buski ssx?
As adults in the small intestine, causes diarrhea/blockage of bile duct and intestine
33
Chinese liver fluke?
Clonorchis sinensis
34
Cirrhosis/blockage of bile passages? Cholangitis/pancreatitis... linked to cancer?
Clonorchis sinensis
35
Clonorchis sinensis found where?
SE Asia, Poland/Russia, Japan, China
36
Clonorchis sinensis... can become infected how?
Ingestion of fresh water fish containing metacercariae
37
Clonorchis sinensis habitat? Intermediate host? Reservoir host?
Bile passages of liver freshwater snail -> freshwater fish (carp, minnows, etc.) Fish -> piscivores
38
Clonorchis sinensis specimen of choice?
Feces BOXER'S GLOVE APPEARANCE
39
Schistosomiasis AKA?
Bilharzia Snail Fever
40
Schistosoma species AKA?
blood flukes
41
Schistosoma spp... can penetrate in what form?
Cercaria
42
Snail releases what form of schistosoma?
Free-swimming cercaria that can then penetrate host skin
43
Two species of schistosoma's specimen of choice is feces?
Schistosoma japonicum Schistosoma mansoni
44
Schistosoma requiring a urine specimen?
Schistosoma haematobium
45
Schistosoma have no operculum but often contain another notable feature on their egg?
Spine S. Japonicum spine is lateral/inconspicuous Spine in s. mansoni is offset S. haematobium have spine on one end of egg
46
Most pathogenic schistosome?
S. Japonicum AKA Oriental blood fluke
47
S. Japonicum distribution? Habitat?
Far east (duh) Venules of small intestine
48
S. Japonicum intermediate host? reservoir host?
Fresh water snail Mammals (cattle, pigs) exposed to contaminated water
49
Vesical blood fluke?
S. haematobium
50
S. haematobium geography? Pathogenesis?
Africa, ME Urogenital tract involvement (hematuria, cancer, obstruction)
51
Conspicuous terminal spine?
S. haematobium
52
Manson's blood fluke?
Schistosoma mansoni
53
Geographic distribution: South and Central America, Cuba, Africa
Schistosoma mansoni
54
Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stools Hepatosplenomegaly, hepatic and intestinal fibrosis, portal hypertension
Schistosoma mansoni
55
Schistosoma mansoni reservoir host?
Primates, insectivores, wild rodents
56
Conspicuous, lateral spine?
Schistosoma mansoni
57
Small intestinal fluke?
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes
58
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes found?
Far East, Israel, Russia and Spain
59
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes infective stage?
ingestion of undercooked fish containing metacercariae
60
Intermediate host First: Snail Second: Fish Reservoir host: Piscivores and birds
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes | similar to clonorchis sinensis
61
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes specimen of choice?
Ova (similar to clonorchis sinensis) Too similar too differentiate so clinical diagnosis is necessary
62
Flukes of the small intestine, cause epigastric distress. Little damage unless heavily infected
Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes

MicroBio - Parasitology (14 decks)

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