Truck Company Flashcards by Mike DeFilipi

There are a number of risk principles in the IFSTA Risk Management Model. The following are the three key points to keep in mind when applying these principles… the exception is:

A. Working within the personal accountability system.
B. No property is worth the life of a firefighter.
C. Team integrity is vital to safety and always be emphasized.
D. Firefighters should not commit to interior offense firefighting operations in abandoned or derelict buildings that are known or reasonably believed to be unoccupied.
E. Activities that present a significant risk to the safety of members shall be limited to situations where there is a potential to save endangered lives.
F. Activities that are routinely employed to protect property shall be recognized as inherent risks to the safety of members, and actions should be taken to avoid these risks.
G. No risk to the safety of members shall be acceptable when there is no possibility to save lives or property.

A. Working within the personal accountability system. (FALSE)

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According to a program called Crew Resource Management, those in leadership positions are obligated to acquire and develop four critical leadership skills. “Conflict Resolution” is described as:

A. Involves the leader ensuring mission safety, fostering environment of respect for communication, establishing tasks with clear defined goals, and considering crew input.
B. Involves the leader of evaluating risk versus gain.
C. Involves leader demonstrating skills and techniques, demonstrating professional standards and best practices, and motivating crew members.
D. Involves the leader identifying core conflict issues, encouraging diplomatic questioning of the actions/decisions of others, acknowledging differences of opinion, and accepting constructive criticism.

D. Involves the leader identifying core conflict issues, encouraging diplomatic questioning of the actions/decisions of others, acknowledging differences of opinion, and accepting constructive criticism. (Conflict Resolution)

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According to a program called Crew Resource Management, those in leadership positions are obligated to acquire and develop four critical leadership skills. “Authority” is described as:

A. Involves the leader ensuring mission safety, fostering environment of respect for communication, establishing tasks with clear defined goals, and considering crew input. (Authority)

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According to a program called Crew Resource Management, those in leadership positions are obligated to acquire and develop four critical leadership skills. “Mentoring” is described as:

C. Involves leader demonstrating skills and techniques, demonstrating professional standards and best practices, and motivating crew members. (Mentoring)

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leadership positions are obligated to acquire and develop four critical leadership skills. “Mission analysis” is described as:

B. Involves the leader of evaluating risk versus gain. (Mission analysis)

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Firefighter safety and survival on the fire ground is dependent upon a number of equally important elements… the exception is:

A. Working within an incident management system.
B. Making sure that orders are understood.
C. Maintaining situational awareness.
D. Never breathe smoke.

Practice Exam “F” says answer is: “D. Never breathe smoke.” (But p.65 contradicts that)
Trick Question, All are correct p.65 & p.71

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When carrying out orders on the fire ground, maintaining “situational awareness” means knowing what is going on in the immediate surroundings. Firefighters must be able to recognize threats to their safety, understand the nature and extent of those threats, and know how to avoid or mitigate them. In absence of an air management SOP, and if crews or teams are working independently from their immediate supervisor, they should track:

A. Both their distance from the exit, and the remaining air available in their SCBA.
B. Both their SCBA air supply, and their elapsed time on air.
C. Both the time needed for their exit, and the amount of air consumed from their SCBA.
D. Both distance and time needed for their exit.

B. Both their SCBA air supply, and their elapsed time on air.

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Being lost or trapped in a burning building is a very stressful experience for those in distress as well as those trying to come to their aid. The following statement is TRUE, regarding “trapped” firefighters.

A. Locate a hoseline and follow it out.
B. Crawl in a straight line with hands on floor, moving knee to hand.
C. To use their radio, firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for one-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic.
D. Crawl in opposing directions, right and left, each time you pass through a doorway.

C. To use their radio, firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for one-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic. (Firefighter trapped)
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A. Locate a hoseline and follow it out. (Firefighter lost)
B. Crawl in a straight line with hands on floor, moving knee to hand. (Firefighter lost)
D. Crawl in opposing directions, right and left, each time you pass through a doorway. (False)

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Assuming that a firefighter does not have a disabling injury and is not trapped in a burning building but nearly separated from fellow firefighters and lost or disorientated, there are a number of things he or she can do to find a way out. The following techniques could be used by the “lost” firefighter… the exception is:

A. Locate a hoseline and follow it out.
B. Crawl in a straight line with hands on floor, moving knee to hand.
C. Use their radio, firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for one-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic.
D. Crawl in one direction (all left turns or all right turns) once in contact with a wall.
E. Call out or make noise that other firefighters might here.
F. First, the firefighter should call a Mayday and activate the PASS device.

C. Use their radio, firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for one-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic. (FALSE - Trapped firefighter)

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When firefighters are trapped in a burning building, their first priority is to survive. The following techniques could be used by the “trapped” firefighter… the exception is:

A. First initiate a Mayday (if possible), activate their PASS devices, and seek safe refuge.
B. Try to stay calm because panic can increase their rate of respiration, which will deplete the air supply in their SCBA sooner.
C. Locate a hoseline and follow it out.
D. Given that they are trapped, they should move to the safest area available and alert Command of the situation and approximate or last known location (provided that they have a radio).
E. Use their radio, firefighters may have to alternately turn their PASS devices on and off for one-minute intervals to allow them to hear transmissions from the RIC or other emergency traffic.
F. If they do not have a radio, they should activate their PASS devices, shine a flashlight towards the ceiling, and wait for rescuers to locate them.

C. Locate a hoseline and follow it out. (FALSE - Lost firefighter)

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The practice of minimizing damage and providing customer service through effective mitigation and recovery efforts before, during, and after an incident. Consider the following statements regarding damage:

1) Primary damage is damage caused by or resulting from those actions taken to fight a fire and leaving the property unprotected.
2) Secondary damage is damage caused by the fire itself and not by actions taken to fight the fire.

A. Statement #1 is true.
B. Statement #2 is true.
C. Statements #1 & #2 are true.
D. Statements #1 & #2 are false.

D. Statements #1 & #2 are false.

Opposite would be true.

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Risk identification is usually accomplished through an ongoing program of preincident planning surveys. They have three purposes… the exception is:

A. To inform building owners/occupants of anything that they can do to reduce the risk of loss.
B. To ensure all applicable fire codes are complied with.
C. To allow firefighters become familiar with the building and its contents.
D. To gather information for plans development.

B. To ensure all applicable fire codes are complied with. (FALSE - Code Enforcement Inspection)
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Risk identification site visits are commonly called “surveys” to differentiate them from code enforcement inspections.

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The most important factors in limiting primary damage are as follows… the exception is:

A. Extinguish the fire as quickly as possible.
B. Effective strategy.
C. Thorough salvage operations.
D. Effective ventilation.
E. Proper size up.
F. Adequate on-scene resources.
G. Effective method of attack.
H. Thorough overhaul.

C. Thorough salvage operations. (FALSE)

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While other firefighters carry out direct fire attack, _____ personnel can gain entry, conduct search and rescue operations, and support all of these efforts by performing horizontal or vertical ventilation and controlling building utilities. Effective ventilation can have a positive effect on fire behavior. It clears the atmosphere inside the burning building and makes fire control, search and rescue, and overall operations easier and safer.

A. Engine company.
B. Truck company.
C. Heavy rescue company.
D. Building maintenance.

B. Truck company.

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Finding all remaining fire can be a significant problem if the fire has done major damage to the building. Finding hidden fires can also be difficult where structural damage was less severe. The following statement is TRUE regarding hidden fire.

A. Ultraviolent heat detectors can make locating hidden fires much easier.
B. Thermal imaging equipment cannot be used to locate hidden fire.
C. The time-tested methods of looking for wisps of smoke, feeling for hotspots, and listening for the crackle of a fire can no longer be used effectively in today’s buildings.
D. Applying Class A foam can help to extinguish hotspots more effectively.
E. Before the fire has been controlled, some departments withdrawal all interior personnel and use blowers to help locate hotspots. This technique must be done carefully and with a charged hoseline ready to extinguish any fire that is discovered.

D. Applying Class A foam can help to extinguish hotspots more effectively. (TRUE)
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A. “Ultraviolent” heat detectors can make locating hidden fires much easier. (FALSE - “Infrared”)
B. Thermal imaging equipment “cannot” be used to locate hidden fire. (FALSE - “can”)
C. The time-tested methods of looking for wisps of smoke, feeling for hotspots, and listening for the crackle of a fire “can no longer be used effectively” in today’s buildings. (FALSE - “can still be used effectively”)
E. “Before the fire has been controlled”, some departments withdrawal all interior personnel and use blowers to help locate hotspots. This technique must be done carefully and with a charged hoseline ready to extinguish any fire that is discovered. (FALSE - “After fire control has been achieved”

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In some situations, perhaps the most effective way to protect the contents of a burning building is to remove them from danger. Exposed property should be removed in the following order:

A. That nearest the seat of the fire, that in the most likely path of fire spread, and that on the floor above the fire.
B. That nearest the seat of the fire, that on the floor above the fire, that on the floor below the fire.
C. That on the floor below the fire, that on the floor above the fire, that in the most likely path of fire spread.
D. That on the floor above the fire, that in the most likely path of fire spread, that on the floor below the fire.

A. That nearest the seat of the fire, that in the most likely path of fire spread, and that on the floor above the fire. (TRUE)

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Another important salvage related function of truck company personnel inside a burning building is to remove the accumulated water as quickly and efficiently as possible. The following statements are TRUE regarding water removal… the exception is:

A. Using portable pumps to evacuate water from upper floors.
B. Wiping water from horizontal surfaces.
C. Constructing water chutes and catch basins.
D. Removing toilets to allow water to drain into the sewer system.
E. Using mops, squeegees, scoop shovels, or water vacuums to remove water from floors.
F. Breaching exterior walls to create improvised scuppers.

A. Using portable pumps to evacuate water from “upper floors”. (FALSE - “basements and low areas”)

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The ideal climbing angle for ground ladders is _____ from horizontal.

A. 65°.
B. 70°.
C. 75°.
D. 80°.

C. 75°.

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Numerous factors dictate where to position a ladder. If a ladder is to be used to allow firefighters to enter a narrow window, or to direct a hose stream into the window:

A. The tip of the ladder should be slightly below the sill.
B. The tip of the ladder should be wedged under the sill for additional stability.
C. The tip of the ladder should be even with the upper portion of the window on the windward (upwind) side.
D. The tip of the ladder should extend two or three rungs into the window opening.

C. The tip of the ladder should be even with the upper portion of the window on the windward (upwind) side. (The same position is used for positioning a firefighter to break a window for ventilation)

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Numerous factors dictate where to position a ladder. If a ladder is to be used for positioning a firefighter to break a window for ventilation:

C. The tip of the ladder should be even with the upper portion of the window on the windward (upwind) side. (The same position can be used when firefighters need to climb in or out of narrow windows or direct hose streams into them.)
_______________________________
Ladders positioned for ventilation should be placed on the Windward side of the window.

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Numerous factors dictate where to position a ladder. If a ladder is to be used for entry or rescue through a window:

A. The tip of the ladder should be slightly below the sill.
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Ladders positioned for rescue should be placed mid-line with the window and slightly below the sill.

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Numerous factors dictate where to position a ladder. If the window sill projects out from the wall:

B. The tip of the ladder should be wedged under the sill for additional stability.
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If the sill projects out from the wall, the tip of the ladder can sometimes be wedged under it for additional stability.

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Numerous factors dictate where to position a ladder. If the window opening is wide enough to permit the ladder tip to project into it and still allowed room beside to facilitate entry/exit and rescue:

D. The tip of the ladder should extend two or three rungs into the window opening.
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If the window is wide enough to allow entry and exit the ladder tip can extend a few rungs into the window.

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Other ladder placement guidelines include the following: Ladder at least _____ points on different sides of the building for roof access/ egress.

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.

B. 2.

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Size-up for a structure fire incident typically starts with the initial dispatch. Factors that are especially critical to be considered when responding are... the exception is: ``` A. Season of the year. B. Address. C. Day of the week. D. Time of day. E. Weather. ```

B. Address. (FALSE - not completely false just not "especially" critical as the other examples are p.152)

Size-up is simply the process of making careful observations and drawing reasonable conclusions from those observations. A factor that needs to be considered on arrival is: A. Availability and capability of the water supply. B. What happened? C. Type of incident (Residential/ commercial). D. Weather.

B. What happened?

The size-up on arrival includes certain basic factors that need to be addressed and questions that need to be answered. Factors that need to be considered on arrival at a structure fire are as follows... the exception is: A. What happened? (Fire, explosion, lightning?). B. What is happening now? (Read the fire and the building). C. What is likely to happen? (Extreme fire behavior or structural collapse likely?). D. Are the resources on scene or in route sufficient? (If not, what else is needed?) E. Time of day. (Sleep time, work time, school time).

E. Time of day. (Sleep time, work time, school time). - FALSE -

If a large horizontal tank is involved in fire, and especially if LPG is venting from the tank, the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG 2008) recommends pulling back _____ in these instances. A. 1 mile. B. 3/4 mile. C. 1/2 mile. D. 1/4 mile.

C. 1/2 mile. (800 m)

Uncontrolled flammable gas leaks are never routine. Because the responding fire apparatus could provide a source of ignition, approach to the area of a reported order should be from upwind. Depending on the size and location of the tank, wind speed and direction, topography, and local SOP's, apparatus should be staged away from and upwind from the leak. DOT ERG 2008 recommends staging a distance of _____ from the source of both LPG and natural gas leaks. Those assigned to assess the hazard can approach the leak source on foot. A. 100 to 150 feet. B. 160 to 330 feet. C. 350 to 460 feet. D. 500 to 1000 feet.

B. 160 to 330 feet. (50 - 100 m) ________________________________ Apparatus should stage as much as "a block away" and upwind from the leak.

The other major category of electrical emergencies to which truck company personnel are often called involves electrical wires that have fallen to the ground for some reason. The following statements are TRUE regarding down electrical lines... the exception is: A. A common error is to establish a perimeter that is too large. B. In most cases involving downed electrical wires, firefighters should do nothing more than establish a perimeter and denied entry to all except utility company personnel. C. Telephone wires or cable TV lines that are down may be energized with electrical power if they are in contact with live power lines at any point. D. Thermal imagers and alternating current detectors can also be used to detect down electrical wires hidden from view.

A. A common error is to establish a perimeter that is "too large". (FALSE "too small") ----------------------------------------- Recommended isolation distance is that equal to one full span between the adjacent poles or towers in all directions from a break in a wire or the point of contact with the ground.

In most cases, the decision regarding when to shut off the water supply to an unsprinklered building that is on fire is relatively simple. The following statement is TRUE regarding shutting off this water supply. A. Unless the water supply is contributing to the fire suppression effort, it should be shut off as soon as possible. B. The water supply in this example is not a priority, however the water supply should be shut off before leaving the scene. C. The water supply must be shut off immediately, to avoid the electrocution hazard. D. The water supply must be shut off immediately, before the basement floods to a point where you are unable to locate the water supply shut off.

A. Unless the water supply is contributing to the fire suppression effort, it should be shut off as soon as possible.

While all of the standard forcible entry tools are important, one of the most important and most versatile forcible entry tool is the _____ . A. Halligan tool. B. Pick head axe. C. Set of irons. D. Rotary saw.

D. Rotary saw. (aka Rescue saw)

As with all other fire service tools, the rotary saw must be maintained properly if it is to perform safely and effectively. While the manufacturer's recommendations and departmental SOPs must be followed, the FDNY SOP on rotary sawblades provide an example of reasonable guidelines. It's SOP reads as follows: 1) Replace 12-tooth woodcutting blades when two or more teeth are damaged or worn down more than the other teeth or when the tips are worn down to the circumference of the blade. 2) Replace 24-tooth woodcutting blades when nine or more teeth are damaged or worn excessively, or the tips are worn down to the circumference of the blade. 3) Replace composite concrete- or metal- cutting blades when they have been worn down sufficiently for the blade to fit inside an 8 inch circle. A. #1 and #2 are true. B. #2 and #3 are true. C. #1 and #3 are true. D. #1, #2, and #3 are true.

C. #1 and #3 are true. ________________________________ 2) Replace 24-tooth woodcutting blades when "nine" or more teeth are damaged or worn excessively, or the tips are worn down to the circumference of the blade. (FALSE - "eight")

Door size-up is a quick five-point size-up that will indicate the tool and techniques needed for forcible entry through any particular door. The size-up process includes... the exception is: ``` A. Type of door. B. Type of wall into which the door is set. C. Type of security device in use. D. Door movement. E. Type of frame around the door. F. Type of hinges/locks. ```

C. Type of security device in use. (FALSE)

Many residential and office doors can be forced open quickly, with little or no damage to the door or doorframe. Some doors however, require other techniques. One of the best methods to use for forcing an inward-swinging metal door set in a metal frame is: A. Striking the door with your shoulder. B. Using a rotary saw to cut through the rabbet. C. Standing in front of the door and kicking it. D. Using a mule kick.

B. Using a rotary saw to cut through the rabbet. (to cut the doorstop or deadbolt) ----------------------------------------- Rabbet - Groove cut in the surface or on the edge of a board to receive another member.

It is SOP in some departments to "soften the building" when there is a significant fire inside. "Soften the building" is described as: A. Removing strategic supports from a building to control a collapse. B. Remove all doors into a structure when there is a significant fire inside. C. Force open all doors and windows into a structure when there is a significant fire inside. D. Force open all doors into a structure when there is a significant fire inside.

D. Force open all doors into a structure when there is a significant fire inside. (When done properly will not affect fire behavior because the doors are not necessarily left open, but if firefighters or others inside need to escape through one of these doors, their progress will not be impeded)

Industrial/institutional occupancies may have several types of large service doors. All of the following doors maybe found in these properties... the exception is: ``` A. Large-panel swinging doors. B. Roll-up doors. C. Large tilt-slab doors. D. Telescoping doors. E. Bi-fold doors. ```

A. Large-panel swinging doors. (FALSE)

When cutting any large industrial/institutional doors, the minimum height of the top of the cut should be at least: A. 2 feet above the bottom of the door. B. 4 feet above the bottom of the door. C. 6 feet above the bottom of the door. D. 8 feet above the bottom of the door.

C. 6 feet above the bottom of the door. (But the higher the better)

As with doors, try to open a window instead of breaking it. The following statement is TRUE regarding breaking windows: A. The firefighter breaking the glass should be in front of the window, and the handle of the tool should be lower than the blade. B. The firefighter breaking the glass should be on the leeward inside of the window, and the handle of the tool should be higher than the blade. C. The firefighter breaking the glass should be upwind of the window, and the handle of the tool should be lower than the blade. D. The firefighter breaking the glass should be upwind of the window, and the handle of the tool should be higher than the blade.

D. The firefighter breaking the glass should be upwind of the window, and the handle of the tool should be higher than the blade.

There are a number of window security systems in use. The following statements are FALSE regarding window security systems... the exception is: A. Rigid metal grilles may be removed by cutting the bolts used to attach the grilles to the wall with a rotary saw. B. Plexiglass acrylic and Lexan polycarbonate can be opened with the use of an exothermic cutting device. C. Lexan polycarbonate windows cannot be opened by scoring a large X and then striking the pain with an axe or sledgehammer. D. Wired-glass windows cannot be cut using the same tools used to cut laminated glass.

C. Lexan polycarbonate windows cannot be opened by scoring a large X and then striking the pain with an axe or sledgehammer. (TRUE - only a rotary saw will cut Lexan polycarbonate windows)

Variables related to the need for search and rescue include all of the following... the exception is: ``` A. Type of construction. B. Intensity of the fire. C. Occupancy type. D. Occupant load. E. Fire load. F. Size of the fire. G. How the fire is behaving. ```

B. Intensity of the fire. (FALSE)

Firefighters can enhance their own safety if they and their officers make a good initial size up, continue to size up throughout the operation, and perform a risk/benefit analysis before each major step in the operation. The following statement is FALSE regarding building search safety. A. Firefighters directly above the fire floor should also be alert for signs such as sagging floors or ceilings or the sound of structural members creaking or groaning that may indicate that the floor/ceiling assembly below them has weakened. B. If the building is filled with smoke (zero visibility), firefighters are more likely to become disoriented and lose track of where they are in the building. C. In zero-visibility conditions, firefighters must use a tagline or take a charge hoseline with them into the building. D. As they search a burning building, especially when visibility is limited because of smoke and/or darkness, firefighters must always be alert for weekend or hazardous structural conditions, especially the floors.

A. Firefighters "directly above the fire floor" should also be alert for signs such as sagging floors or ceilings or the sound of structural members creaking or groaning that may indicate that the floor/ceiling assembly below them has weakened. (FALSE - "on or directly BELOW the fire floor")

A growing number of fire departments are equipping their search teams with thermal imagers or thermal imaging cameras (TIC). Most imagers use one of two technologies, microbolometer technology and: A. Ultra-violet technology. B. BST (Barium, strontium, titanium) technology. C. RATM (Radioactive temperature measurement) technology. D. TD (Temperature differential) technology.

B. BST (Barium, strontium, titanium) technology.

One of the fastest ways to make a usable opening in an exterior wall is to: A. Cut a substantial opening adjacent to a heavily secured door opening. B. Make two vertical cuts down the bottom corners of a window opening to the floor. The window and the section of wall can be removed. C. Cut a triangular cut with the apex at least 6 feet above the floor. D. Cuts around the two sides and top of a doorframe, pry out the entire door and frame assembly.

B. Make two vertical cuts down the bottom corners of a window opening to the floor. The window and the section of wall can be removed.

Almost all structure fires require both a primary and secondary search. The number and types of resources needed to conduct the search and rescue operation safely and effectively can vary from one fire to another, depending upon a number of variables in each situation. While there may be other variables, the most common ones are... the exception is: A. The number of stories in the building. B. Type of building that is burning. C. The time period the incident is occurring. D. The fire situation.

A. The number of stories in the building. (FALSE)

There are a number of marking systems used to indicate when a room has been searched. All of the following are recommended... the exception is: A. Using specially designed door markers. B. Using chalk or crayon to mark the lower third of the door. C. Using latch straps not only indicates the room has been searched, but also prevents RIC members from having to force entry into a locked room when a search team inside needs help. D. Blocking doors open with small pieces of furniture obtained nearby. E. Using masking or duct tape to mark the door.

D. Blocking doors open with small pieces of furniture obtained nearby. (FALSE - or methods that require subsequent searchers to enter the room to find the marker are not recommended)

A secondary search is conducted after the fire is under control and the most serious hazards have been mitigated. SOP for some departments calls for firefighters to continue to use their SCBA until the atmosphere of the hazardous area is deemed to be within safe limits. The following statement is FALSE regarding SCBA use in hazardous atmospheres. A. Historically, departments have used carbon monoxide (CO) as an index gas. They assumed that when CO readings fell below a designated concentration, any other toxic gases present would also be at similarly low levels. B. Any reading above the desired level for CO meant that firefighters inside the fire damaged area had to continue to breed air only from their SCBA. C. CO as an index gas has proven to be reliable by scientifically controlled tests. When CO levels are quite low, the levels of other toxic gases present are also quite low. D. Firefighters inside a building after fire control has been achieved to continue to breathe supplied air only.

C. CO as an index gas has proven to be "reliable" by scientifically controlled tests. When CO levels are quite low, the levels of other toxic gases "present are also quite low". (FALSE - "unreliable" ; "can be present in dangerous concentrations")

When searching multistory buildings, the order in which the floors are searched can influence the success of the search and rescue operations. Areas most threatened by the fire should be searched first. In order of priority, the most critical areas and a multistory building are: A. The topmost floor, the fire floor, the floor directly above the fire. B. The floor directly above the fire, the fire floor, the topmost floor. C. The fire floor, the floor directly above the fire, the topmost floor. D. The fire floor, the floor directly above the fire, the floor directly below the fire.

C. The fire floor, the floor directly above the fire, the topmost floor.

Regulations require that at least two fully equipped firefighters must be standing by outside of the hazard zone ready to immediately enter if needed to search for and rescue firefighters in distress. This requirement has become known as the "two-in/two-out rule". The following statements are TRUE regarding the "two-in/two-out rule"... the exception is: A. The regulations allow an exception to the rule if, by taking immediate action, the first arriving company can save a life or lives. It allows for entry without adequate personnel on scene. OSHA stipulates that this is only to be done in cases where lives are known to be at risk. B. The exception to the rule allows firefighters to conduct a primary search to determine if there are trapped occupants. C. The exception will apply if the firefighters have seen or heard the occupants from outside the burning building, or have been informed by a credible person that someone is still inside. D. NFPA 1500 requires an investigation into every case where the "two-in/two-out rule" was not followed. The results of the investigation must be submitted in writing to the Fire Chief.

B. The exception to the rule "allows firefighters" to conduct a primary search to determine if there are trapped occupants. (FALSE - "does not allow firefighters")

Even though many older buildings- those built before building codes were adapted- are unique, others share common characteristics. All of the following are common characteristics of older buildings... the exception is: A. Were constructed with URM which gives them the capability to contain heat of a fire longer. B. Incorporated panelized roofing systems. C. Most often built from full dimension lumber. D. May have knob-and-tube wiring with substandard insulation.

B. Incorporated panelized roofing systems. (FALSE - newer buildings do)

When the IC has decided that ventilation is needed, coordinating the ventilation process with rescue and fire attack gently involves three components... the exception is: A. Timing. B. Resources. C. Location. D. Method.

B. Resources. (FALSE)

In general, mechanical ventilation or forced ventilation is indicated when... the exception is: A. The layout of the building is not conductive to a natural ventilation. B. Natural ventilation slows, becomes ineffective, and needs support. C. The involved area within a component is so large, that natural ventilation is inefficient. D. The location and size of the fire have not been determined. E. Fire is burning below grade in structures. F. It is dictated by the type of building or the fire situation.

D. The location and size of the fire "have not been" determined. (FALSE - "have been")

The most frequently used form of tactical ventilation is: A. Mechanical ventilation. B. Horizontal ventilation. C. Natural ventilation. D. Vertical ventilation.

B. Horizontal ventilation.

For horizontal ventilation purposes, windows are some of the best means of creating the necessary exterior openings. When open, the following common types of windows permit 100% of the opening available for ventilation. A. Casement, horizontal-sliding, awning, Jalousie windows. B. Casement, double-hung, projected, hopper windows. C. Casement, awning, projected, jalousie windows. D. Casement, double-hung, horizontal-sliding, awning windows.

C. Casement, awning, projected, jalousie windows.

Some _____ are double- or triple-glazed. Regardless of how many pains are in each window, there is always a space between - typically filled with air, argon, or some other inert gas. There are commonly referred to as "thermal windows". ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

J. Energy-efficient windows.

_____ have bottom-hinged, inward-swinging sashes. These windows look like awnings windows that have been installed upside down. Like awning windows, they offer all the open area for ventilation. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

I. Hopper windows.

These windows, also known as "factory windows", maybe hinged at the top or the bottom and may swing inward or outward. All the openable area is available for ventilation. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

H. Projected windows.

These windows consist of narrow horizontal panes of glass set in pivoting brackets at each end. The panes overlap in a louver-like fashion. They are very difficult to open from the outside without breaking the panes. When open, they offer the entire area for ventilation. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

G. Jalousie windows.

These windows have one or more top hinged, outward swinging sashes. Single- _____ are often combined with a fixed sash in a larger unit. All the open area is available for ventilation. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

F. Awning windows.

These windows have two or more sashes, one of which is fixed and the other or others are movable. From the inside, the movable sash can often be lifted out of the frame without damaging the window. In most designs, half of the window area is available for ventilation without breaking the glass. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

E. Horizontal-sliding windows.

_____ are usually opened and closed using a small handcrank built into the frame. They have one or two side-hinged, outwards swinging sashes, and the screens are on the inside. Double- _____ may be separated by a fixed pain or simply by a vertical post call a "mullion". The entire window area is available for ventilation when opened. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

D. Casement windows.

_____ have one movable section. Only half of the window area is available for ventilation unless the panes are broken out. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

B. Single-hung windows.

In _____ , both halves are movable. Only half of the window area is available for ventilation unless the panes are broken out. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

C. Double-hung windows.

As the name implies, _____ do not open but have a permanently glazed pane or panes set in a wooden, vinyl, or metal frame. They range from small, sometimes irregularly shaped windows to large picture windows. They are often flanked by double-hung or casement windows or are stacked with awning or hopper windows that can be opened. ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. J. Energy-efficient windows. ```

A. Fixed windows.

Of the following window types, list all that allow for 100% ventilation: ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. ```

``` D. Casement windows. 100% F. Awning windows. 100% G. Jalousie windows. 100% H. Projected windows. 100% I. Hopper windows. 100% ```

Of the following window types, list all that allow for 50% ventilation: ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. ```

B. Single-hung windows. 50% C. Double-hung windows. 50% E. Horizontal-sliding windows. 50%

Of the following window types, list any that allow for 0% ventilation: ``` A. Fixed windows. B. Single-hung windows. C. Double-hung windows. D. Casement windows. E. Horizontal-sliding windows. F. Awning windows. G. Jalousie windows. H. Projected windows. I. Hopper windows. ```

A. Fixed windows. 0% (aka picture windows)

Horizontal ventilation has traditionally been the area where smoke injectors and/or nozzles have been used. Following statement is TRUE regarding ventilation. A. Blowers should be set up about 6 feet outside the opening. B. Blowers should be set up about 6 feet inside the opening. C. Ejectors should be set up about 2 feet outside the opening. D. Ejectors should be set up about 2 feet inside the opening.

A. Blowers should be set up about 6 feet outside the opening. (TRUE)

To read a roof means to observe the roof, construction features, and other indicators that can warn firefighters of potentially unsafe conditions. Features that can be read before stepping onto a roof include... the exception is: A. Age of the building. B. Roof vents that appear unusually tall (indication that the roof is sagging). C. Type and condition of the roof coverings. D. Size of the roof. E. Type of roof structure. F. Location and orientation of supporting members. G. Heavy tanks, machinery, solar panels, or other loads. H. Visible smoke or fire. I. Sagging roof surface. J. Large puddles of water. K. Smoke or fire coming from roof vents. L. Heavy dead loads. M. Drop-offs due to light wells or varying roof elevations. N. Solar panels.

D. Size of the roof. (FALSE)

In many areas, flat roofs are more common on mercantile and industrial buildings, multiple dwellings, and apartment complexes than on single-family dwellings. The following statements are TRUE regarding flat roofs... the exception is: A. One problem created by rain roofs is the original roof was not designed to support additional weight of the rain roof. B. Fire resistant plywood increases in strength over time, increasing the stability of the roof. C. Lightweight concrete roofs provide a smooth, hard surface that is structurally strong and highly resistant to fire. D. Poured gypsum roofs consist of gypsum board placed on brackets and covered with a layer of gypsum cement up to 2 1/2 inches thick.

B. Fire resistant plywood "increases in strength" over time, "increasing" the stability of the roof. (FALSE - "weaken in strength" ; "decreasing")

Trench ventilation is accomplished by cutting an opening in the roof, at least _____ wide, across the entire width of the building. A. 24 to 30 inches. B. 30 to 36 inches. C. 3 feet. D. 4 feet.

D. 4 feet.

High-rise buildings often have a variety of elevators. A/an _____ elevator is described as: "Usually serving only the ground floor and the uppermost floor of the building. For example, they may serve only floors 1 and 31 or whatever the highest floor happens to be". ``` A. Low-rise. B. Mid-rise. C. High-rise. D. Express. E. Freight. ```

D. Express.

High-rise buildings often have a variety of elevators. A/an _____ elevator is described as: "Serving the lower floors of the building. For example, they may serve floors 1 through 10". ``` A. Low-rise. B. Mid-rise. C. High-rise. D. Express. E. Freight. ```

A. Low-rise.

High-rise buildings often have a variety of elevators. A/an _____ elevator is described as: "Serving only those floors between the low-rise and high-rise elevators. For example, they may serve floor 1 and floors 10 through 20". ``` A. Low-rise. B. Mid-rise. C. High-rise. D. Express. E. Freight. ```

B. Mid-rise.

High-rise buildings often have a variety of elevators. A/an _____ elevator is described as: "Serving only the upper floors. For example, they may serve floor 1 and floors 20 through 30". ``` A. Low-rise. B. Mid-rise. C. High-rise. D. Express. E. Freight. ```

C. High-rise.

High-rise buildings often have a variety of elevators. A/an _____ elevator is described as: "Serving some or all floors. Usually not in blind shafts and are designed to carry heavier loads than ordinary passenger elevators". ``` A. Low-rise. B. Mid-rise. C. High-rise. D. Express. E. Freight. ```

E. Freight.

There are limits to the effectiveness of PPV in high-rise buildings. Most PPV blowers positioned at street level are affected up to about ______ . If ventilation is required above that level, additional blowers will have to be positioned at about the _____ , smoke ejectors will have to be positioned at the highest level to be ventilated, or both may be required. A. 22 floors. B. 13 floors. C. 7 floors. D. 4 floors.

A. 22 floors.

Curtain boards, also known as draft curtains, are fire-resistive half-walls that extend down from the underside of the roof. They generally extend a distance of: A. Equal to at least 10% of the vertical distance from the floor to the roof but not lower than 9 feet above the floor. B. Equal to at least 20% of the vertical distance from the floor to the roof but not lower than 10 feet above the floor. C. Equal to at least 40% of the vertical distance from the floor to the roof but not lower than 12 feet above the floor. D. 10 feet below the roof, but not lower than 10 feet above the floor.

B. Equal to at least 20% of the vertical distance from the floor to the roof but not lower than 10 feet above the floor.

Power tools can be of great help in ladder company operations. The major disadvantage power tools have is: A. Need an electrical supply. B. They take more time to get into operation. C. They require adequate personnel to set up and operate. D. They are more difficult to operate in confined spaces.

B. They take more time to get into operation.

At times, the only way to properly ventilate part or all of the building is to cut a hole in the roof. A single large hole is more effective than several small holes and is also safer for firefighters operating on the roof. If the roof is pitched the ventilation hole should be cut: A. Directly over the hot spot, or as close to it as firefighters can get safely. B. On the opposite slope of the roof as close to the hot spot as firefighters can get safely. C. Opened so that the hole extends from the hot spot toward the peak of the roof. D. Opened so that the hole extends from the hot spot toward the base of the roof.

C. Opened so that the hole extends from the hot spot toward the peak of the roof.

Building contents are primarily protected by covering them to keep water and debris from damaging them. The flow of excess water should be directed away from stock, furnishings, and equipment. Salvage covers can be rigged as basins, generally referred to as catchalls, to catch and hold water drippings from overhead. As from a ceiling. Catchalls have limitations and cannot be used as the sole water damage control device: A. For keeping moderate amounts of water off building contents. B. In preventing water from moving across the floor. C. In preventing water from seeping down to lower floors. D. For containing large amounts of water from a broken pipe.

D. For containing large amounts of water from a broken pipe.

A trench cut is a procedure used to stop the spread of fire across the length of a fire building. It is used to set up a defensive line separating the burned area from the building from the unburned area. The trench cut is then made well in advance of the observation holes. The cut, at least _____, is made across the width of the roof from one exterior wall to the other. A. 2 feet. B. 3 feet. C. 4 feet. D. 5 feet.

C. 4 feet.

Once inside an apartment building, ladder crews might have to open individual apartment doors to perform the primary search, ventilate, and check for fire extension. In modern apartment buildings, apartment doors are made of metal or of wood covered with metal. Most often, they are secured with cylinder locks and possibly one or more bolt-type locks. Use of the porta-power or _____ is also effective for quick opening of these doors. A. Kelly tool. B. Halligan tool. C. Quik-bar. D. Rabbit tool.

D. Rabbit tool.

A large volume of water, possibly weighing several tons, can collect within a structure while an extensive fire is being fought. The sooner the water is removed, the less damage it will do two floors and carpets and the less chance there is of leakage to lower floors. There are a number of ways water can be removed from the building. Because of the great amount of debris in the water, pumpers should not be used in removing water from basements or pits. _____ will get the water out faster than drafting with a pump and without the danger of damaging fire apparatus. A. Toilets. B. Venturi siphons. C. Waste pipes. D. Openings in walls.

B. Venturi siphons.

For most effective operation, ladder company apparatus must be positioned properly on the fire ground to accomplish the particular task or tasks required. The following statement is TRUE regarding ladder company positioning. A. Ladder companies should not be relocated once it is positioned during fire ground operations. B. Even if the aerial ladder is not being used, the ladder company should always be positioned in the front of the building. C. Position the apparatus so that ground jacks will fully extend. D. The aerial ladder should be raised at every incident.

C. Position the apparatus so that ground jacks will fully extend.

In a typical two-story dwelling with a kitchen and dining room on fire on the first floor, which of the following statements is most correct? A. The first priority is to ventilate the second floor from the outside. B. The occupants in most danger are those close to the fire on the first floor. C. The first priority is to search the floor above the fire. D. At the top of the stairs, one firefighter conducts a right-hand search and the second firefighter conducts a left-hand search.

B. The occupants in most danger are those close to the fire on the first floor.

You are responding to a working fire in an eight story hotel, and have been ordered to search for potential victims. The following statement is TRUE regarding setting priorities when searching this building. A. Search the fire floor, the eighth floor, then work downward floor by floor back to the fire floor. B. Search the fire floor, the floor above the fire, the top floor, then any floors that have not been searched. C. Search the floor above the fire, and work up floor by floor to the eighth floor. D. Search the fire floor, and then work up floor by floor to the eighth floor.

B. Search the fire floor, the floor above the fire, the top floor, then any floors that have not been searched.

A fire-resistant building cannot be vented in the same way as a more standard structure. The most true statement regarding venting a fire-resistant building is: A. By opening units on both sides of the corridor, ladder crews can create cross ventilation. B. By venting the floor above the fire floor. C. By opening the roof. D. By venting the fire to the closest stairway and opening to the roof at the top of the stairway.

A. By opening units on both sides of the corridor, ladder crews can create cross ventilation.

Although the greatest tendency of fire is to travel vertically, it will also travel horizontally through any available paths. The following statements are TRUE regarding horizontal fire spread... the exception is: A. All vertical channels must be checked for signs of extending fire. B. When fire has control of an area, the ceilings in the adjoining units, as well as those in attached buildings, should be opened to determine whether the fire spreading. C. Metal ceilings and those made of thick tongue-and-groove flooring material can take a long time to open. In such cases, it is probably best to open the floor above the ceiling for horizontal fire spread. D. There may be two or more levels of ceilings in older buildings. It is only necessary to check the lowest ceiling for fire spread.

D. There may be two or more levels of ceilings in older buildings. It is only necessary to check the lowest ceiling for fire spread. (FALSE)

During a working fire, firefighters usually gain access to a building through a ground level door or window. The following statement is TRUE regarding forced entry. A. If a tempered plate glass door must be broken, it is best to do so by striking the top of the door with a pick head axe. B. It is usually much easier to force entry through a window than through a door. C. A jalousie window is a series of heavy glass in large widths and lengths as long as the window opening. D. Sidewalk doors are sometimes difficult to open. They are usually padlocked from above with a bolt or a sliding latch.

B. It is usually much easier to force entry through a window than through a door.

When occupants are trapped on a fire escape or balcony directly over the fire, the aerial ladder should be raised: A. On the side of the fire escape or balcony that is least exposed to fire, and the first rung should be placed even with the railing. B. To the center of the fire escape or balcony that is the least exposed to fire, and the first rung should be placed even with the railing. C. To the center of the fire escape or balcony that is at least exposed to fire, and the tip should be placed 6 feet above the railing. D. On the side of the fire escape or balcony that is the least exposed to fire, and the tip should be placed 6 feet above the railing.

D. On the side of the fire escape or balcony that is the least exposed to fire, and the tip should be placed 6 feet above the railing.

A ground ladder should not be overloaded. NFPA 1932 establishes ladder loading. Single and roof ladders, all extension ladders, and combination ladders have a maximum load of _____ . A. 750 pounds. B. 600 pounds. C. 300 pounds. D. 250 pounds.

A. 750 pounds.

How much weight will be added to a building each minute, if three master streams are each flowing water at the rate of 1000 gallons per minute? A. 8,330 pounds. B. 24,990 pounds. C. 83,300 pounds. D. 249,900 pounds.

``` B. 24,990 pounds. ________________________________ Water weighs ~ 8.33lbs per gal. 1000 GPM = 8,330lbs per min 3000 GPM = 24,990lbs per min. ```

Your ladder company has been dispatched to a working fire. You have been assigned to apply water into the fire building using your aerial master stream appliance. The following statement is TRUE regarding this option: A. Operating your master stream in this operation is an offensive/ defensive operation. B. Operating your master stream in this operation is a defensive/ offensive operation. C. Operating your master stream in this operation is a defensive operation. D. Operating your master stream in this operation is an offensive operation.

C. Operating your master stream in this operation is a defensive operation.

As the first rescuer in a two man team reaches the top of the stairway to conduct a search, he turns to the right. The next action shall be: A. Continue making right turns as you search the entire floor until you return to the stairway. B. For the second member of the search team to make his first turn to the left, and continue to turn to the left until he meets the first member who was turning right. C. For the second member to wait at the top of the stairs until you complete your search. D. For the second member to locate a second means of egress and stand by that exit incase it is needed.

A. Continue making right turns as you search the entire floor until you return to the stairway.

Opening the roof is the only way to reduce accumulated combustion products; to prevent them from collecting, but this is not always necessary. The following statement is TRUE regarding ventilation: A. When the roof or some roof features must be open for venting, the windows on the top floor should be opened before the roof is opened. B. Roof venting should begin with a vent hole being cut first. This should be followed by opening whatever natural openings are present. C. When windows on several stories must be opened, firefighters should begin from the bottom up. D. When the roof must be opened for venting, the windows on the top floor should be opened after the roof is open.

D. When the roof must be opened for venting, the windows on the top floor should be opened after the roof is open.

No firefighter should ever be allowed to enter an elevator without full PPE, including full SCBA, a portable radio, and tools while responding to a fire or potential fire incident, such as a fire alarm sounding. The following statement is TRUE regarding firefighter use of elevators. A. The elevator should always be taken to the fire floor. B. The elevator should always be taken to the floor above the fire floor. C. It is much safer to take the elevator to at least 2 to 4 floors below the fire and walk up. D. Ladder crews should only use elevators to move equipment and not for personnel.

C. It is much safer to take the elevator to at least 2 to 4 floors below the fire and walk up.

The search for vertical fire spread should begin directly over the fire on the floor above the fire floor. Baseboard areas should be felt for heat and examined for black streaks running up the walls. The walls themselves should be checked for the signs of fire. A wall that shows any of these signs must be opened. The initial opening should be: A. Behind the baseboard to allow for stream application. B. The baseboard on the floor above to check for any fire extension. C. A small opening about waist high to allow for stream application. D. At ceiling height above the area of possible extension.

C. A small opening about waist high to allow for stream application.

The combination of floor lock and a metal-covered wooden door presents an even greater entry problem. The simplest course may be to: A. Open the door at the hinge side. B. Open the door by forcing the lock with a rabbit tool. C. Cut through the door with a power saw. D. Assign a crew to enter the adjoining apartment and breach the wall between the two units.

D. Assign a crew to enter the adjoining apartment and breach the wall between the two units.

There will be times when aerial apparatus will need to be operated off an incline. The driver/operator must understand the manufacturers recommendations for operation of the aerial fire apparatus when working on a grade. The following statement is TRUE regarding operating on an incline: A. The operator should spot the turntable uphill from the point of operation to reduce stress on the aerial device. B. The operator should spot the turntable downhill from the point of operation to reduce stress on the aerial device. C. The operator should spot the turntable even with the objective. D. The turntable must be leveled before the aerial device is raised.

B. The operator should spot the turntable downhill from the point of operation to reduce stress on the aerial device.

The main purpose of overhaul to make certain that no trace of fire remains to rekindle after the fire force has a left. The following statements are TRUE regarding overhaul operations... the exception is: A. Firefighters who are rested and in the best physical condition should be assigned to overhaul duties. B. It is extremely important that overhaul crews be strictly supervised while working within the structure. C. It is best to use firefighters who have been fighting the fire for some time for overhaul, because they are already familiar with the building and its hazards. D. No one should be permitted to enter the fire building without first reporting to an assigned officer.

C. It is best to use firefighters who have been fighting the fire for some time for overhaul, because they are already familiar with the building and its hazards. (FALSE)

Handtools are usually categories as cutting, prying, or push/pull devices. Which of the following tools would be considered a cutting tool? A. Kelly tool. B. Halligan tool. C. Pike pole. D. Pick-head axe.

``` D. Pick-head axe. (Cutting tool) ________________________________ A. Kelly tool. (Prying tool) B. Halligan tool. (Prying tool) C. Pike pole. (Push/pull tool) ```

When a working fire is encountered on the third floor of an eight story hotel. The fire floor in the floor above the fire floor must be searched. In addition, the next floor to be searched is the: A. Top floor. B. Bottom floor. C. Floor below. D. Two floors above.

A. Top floor.

Ladder companies assigned to overhaul duties should look for flames, smoke, and stronger than normal order, and areas that flames have obviously touched. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding searching concealed horizontal or vertical spread? A. The use of thermal imaging camera is of great assistance for firefighters during overhaul, as they may indicate heat sources and where fires may not be extinguished. B. Older walls constructed of wood-lath and plaster are less susceptible to hidden fire than newer walls made with metal studs and sheet-rock material. C. Ceiling spaces should not be checked so that the damage will be minimized. D. In areas of a building exposed to fire containing cellulose blown-in insulation, it is necessary to completely remove the insulation.

A. The use of thermal imaging camera is of great assistance for firefighters during overhaul, as they may indicate heat sources and where fires may not be extinguished. (TRUE)

Exposures are generally classified in two categories according to their location relative to the fire structure: external or internal. Which of the following tasks is perhaps the "most" important ladder company duty protecting exposures? A. Open up interior channels through which fire maybe spreading. B. Force entry into exterior and interior exposures so that engine companies can attack spreading fire. C. Check interior exposures to determine where the fire is located and to keep it from spreading to uninvolved areas. D. Investigate and determine whether there are any secondary fires extending through attached or detached structures.

A. Open up interior channels through which fire maybe spreading.

When occupants are trapped on a fire escape or balcony directly over the fire, the situation is more acute. In the final approach, the tip of the ladder should be placed _____ above the railing. A. 2 feet. B. 4 feet. C. 6 feet. D. 8 feet.

C. 6 feet.

When necessary to save lives, ladders can be used to bridge the gap between two points. If the gap between the building is not more than _____ its length, a single ladder can be laid on the roof of one building and the tip simply slid over to the other building (or window to window, roof to window, or vice versa). However, if the width of the gap is more than _____ the length of the available ladder, a different technique must be used. A. 1/2. B. 1/4. C. 1/3. D. 2/3.

C. 1/3. (one-third)

A ground ladder should not be overloaded. NFPA 1932 establishes ladder loading. Single and roof ladders, all extension ladders, and combination ladders have a maximum load of _____ . A. 300 pounds. B. 500 pounds. C. 750 pounds. D. 1,000 pounds.

C. 750 pounds.

A ground ladder should not be overloaded. NFPA 1932 establishes ladder loading. Folding and pompier ladders have a maximum load of _____ . A. 300 pounds. B. 500 pounds. C. 750 pounds. D. 1,000 pounds.

A. 300 pounds.

Oil burners are used to supply heat to many different occupancies from small to large. Small oil burner systems, such as those found in _____ burn No. two fuel oil, which is similar to kerosene or diesel fuel. A. Schools. B. Hospitals. C. One and two family dwellings. D. Factories.

C. One and two family dwellings.

Oil burners are used to supply heat to many different occupancies from small to large. Large oil-heating units, such as those in apartment houses, office buildings, factories, schools, and hospitals, burn a heavy oil, usually _____ fuel oil. Because the heavy oils do not ignite as readily as oils used for smaller systems, many of these systems include a device that preheats the fuel oil before it is burned. A. No. 2. B. No 6. C. Kerosene. D. Diesel.

B. No 6.

In order to vent the roof, truck crews must get to it. If there is no other way to get to the roof, truck crews must use ground or aerial ladders or aerial platforms. And aerial ladder should be placed so that at least several rungs extend beyond the roof. An aerial platform should be placed so that at least _____ extends above the roof. A. The entire width of the basket. B. Half the width of the basket. C. The top railing of the basket. D. The bottom of the basket.

B. Half the width of the basket.

The main control valve on residential gas meters is typically a _____ crossbar valve. However, in some heavy duty valves the operating nut is usually square instead of the crossbar design found in most residential meters. A. Full-turn. B. Half-turn. C. Quarter-turn. D. Automatic shut-off.

C. Quarter-turn.

At structure fires, there are two different scenarios firefighters may have to face involving LPG tanks. The first is when the LPG tank is threatened by or involved in fire. The other very common scenario is when the LPG tank is or maybe fueling a fire inside a building but the LPG tank itself is not involved. If the LPG tank is not threatened by or involved in the fire, the flowing gas can be stopped by turning off the valve located where the piping connects to the tank. On portable LPG tanks, the control valve is located on the _____ of the tank, sometimes protected by a hinged weatherproof cover. In fixed installations with large horizontal tanks, the control valve may be located on the _____ of the tank or in a manifold box at the end of a tank. A. Top ; side. B. Side ; bottom. C. Top ; bottom. D. Side ; top.

A. Top ; side.

Truck Company Flashcards

(114 cards)