TSM & Characteristics

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The study of living things

Question 2

Scientific Method

Answer 2

Way of solving a problem

Question 3

Steps of scientific Method

Answer 3

(observation, hypothesis, experiments, data, conclusion, compare with existing knowledge, publish, theories & principals)

Question 4

Observation

Answer 4

Using senses/machinery

Question 5

Question

Answer 5

Questioning of what is observed

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

A testable answer to question (educated guess)

Question 7

experiment

Answer 7

Set of steps used to test if hypothesis is correct/controlled test

Question 8

Result

Answer 8

Findings from experiment

Question 9

Conclusion

Answer 9

Whether hypothesis was true or not

Question 10

Compare

Answer 10

Compare with existing knowledge

Question 11

Theory

Answer 11

Hypothesis supported by many experiments

Question 12

Principal/law

Answer 12

Theory proven to be valid over long period of time

Question 13

Variable (eg)

Answer 13

Factor that may change (eg. time, mass, volume)

Question 14

Independent Variable (eg)

Answer 14

Factor changed by experimentor (eg. temperature)

Question 15

Dependant Variable (eg)

Answer 15

The effect of the change (eg. time)

Question 16

Fixed Variable (eg)

Answer 16

Do not change (eg. number of seeds/ volume of water)

Question 17

Principles of Experimentation

Answer 17

(plan & design, safety procedures, random selection, large sample size, control group, double blind testing, change factor at a time, measure changes, analyse results, state possible sources of error, repeat experiment)

Question 18

Control

Answer 18

Provides comparison against independent variable

Question 19

Replicate

Answer 19

Something repeated

Question 20

Ethics

Answer 20

Whether it’s right or wrong

Question 21

Limitations of scientific method

Answer 21

(lack of basic knowledge, design of experiment, difficulty in interpreting results, changes in nature, accidental discoveries)

Question 22

Metabolism

Answer 22

Chemical reactions that occur in cells of living organisms

Question 23

Continuity of life

Answer 23

Living things arise from other living things of the same type

Question 24

Anabolic reaction (eg)

Answer 24

Using energy to add smaller molecules together to create bigger ones (eg. photosynthesis)

Question 25

Catabolic reaction (eg)

Answer 25

Using energy to break down large molecules into smaller ones (eg. digestion)

Question 26

Characteristics of life

Answer 26

B.O.N.E.R.R.
(B)(Organisation)(Nutrition)(Excretion)(Response)(Reproduction)

Question 27

Organisation

Answer 27

Unicellular or Multicellular
Specialised structures

Question 28

Levels of Organisation

Answer 28

Cell
Tissue (group of cells)
Organ (group of tissues with special function)
Organ System (group of organs working together)
Organism (group of systems working together )

Question 29

Nutrition

Answer 29

Way animals obtain and use food

Question 30

Sources of nutrition

Answer 30

In Animals:
Feed on other organisms
In Plants:
photosynthesis

Question 31

Herbivore

Answer 31

Eat plants

Question 32

Carnivore

Answer 32

Eat animals

Question 33

Omnivore

Answer 33

Eat plants and animals

Question 34

Excretion

Answer 34

Elimination of waste products

Question 35

Methods of excretion

Answer 35

In Animals:
urinary system, skin, lungs
In Plants:
Leaves - stomata
Stem - lenticles

Question 36

Response

Answer 36

Way living things react to changes in environment

Question 37

Methods of response

Answer 37

In Animals:
5 senses (light, sound, touch)
In Plants:
Growth towards/away from stimulus ( water, light, fertiliser)

Question 38

Reproduction

Answer 38

Life coming from life
Ability of an organism to produce new individuals of its own kind and pass genetic information to next generation

Question 39

Methods of Reproduction

Answer 39

Asexual:
Mitosis - cell division
(eg. bacteria)
Sexual:
Male and female gamete
(eg. plants and animals)