Unit 1 Most Important Concepts Flashcards
(18 cards)
What was the Song Dynasty known for politically?
Strong centralized bureaucracy and civil service exam based on Confucianism.
What replaced the Abbasid Caliphate after its decline?
Regional Islamic states like the Mamluk Sultanate, Delhi Sultanate, and Seljuk Empire.
What political system dominated Europe in this era?
Feudalism — a decentralized system based on land ownership and loyalty.
What was the Inca labor system called?
The Mita system, which required labor as a form of tax.
How did Islam spread in this era?
Through trade, military conquest, and missionaries (Sufis).
What is Neo-Confucianism?
A blend of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism that influenced Song China.
What major religious center grew in Mali?
Timbuktu, known for Islamic scholarship and trade.
What was the role of the Catholic Church in medieval Europe?
Central religious and political authority; often rivaled kings.
What agricultural innovation helped Song China’s economy grow?
Champa rice — fast-ripening rice from Vietnam.
What were the three major trade networks?
Silk Roads, Indian Ocean Trade, and Trans-Saharan Trade.
What facilitated Trans-Saharan trade?
Camels and the camel saddle.
What goods came from West Africa?
Gold and salt.
What was the Aztec tributary system?
Conquered peoples paid tribute in goods or labor.
How was social mobility possible in Islamic societies?
Through conversion to Islam and participation in the bureaucracy or military.
What roles did women typically have across civilizations?
Limited roles; patriarchy was dominant, though varied by region.
What technologies enabled Indian Ocean trade?
Astrolabe, lateen sail, and monsoon wind knowledge.
What is the significance of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad?
Center for learning and preservation of Greek, Persian, and Indian knowledge.
What technology did China develop during this time?
Gunpowder, paper money, woodblock printing.
