Unit 7 Most Important Concepts Flashcards
Causes of World War I
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism (MAIN); sparked by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914.
Trench Warfare
A type of combat in WWI in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other; led to stalemates and high casualties.
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Treaty that ended WWI; blamed Germany, imposed reparations, and contributed to conditions leading to WWII.
Great Depression (1929)
Global economic downturn that caused massive unemployment, contributing to the rise of authoritarian regimes.
Fascism
A political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, nationalism, and suppression of opposition (e.g., Mussolini in Italy).
Nazism
A form of fascism in Germany under Hitler, based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militarism.
Causes of World War II
Aggressive expansion by Axis powers, appeasement, unresolved WWI issues, and the failure of the League of Nations.
Holocaust
Genocide of 6 million Jews and other groups by Nazi Germany during WWII.
Atomic Bombs
The U.S. dropped bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, ending WWII in the Pacific.
Armenian Genocide
Mass killing of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during and after WWI; considered one of the first modern genocides.
Indian Independence Movement
Led by Mahatma Gandhi; used nonviolent resistance to end British colonial rule in 1947.
Algerian War for Independence
Violent struggle between France and Algerian nationalists (1954–1962); resulted in Algerian independence.
Cold War Ideologies
Capitalism (USA) vs. Communism (USSR); led to global tension and proxy wars.
Proxy Wars
Conflicts during the Cold War where the US and USSR supported opposing sides (e.g., Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan).
