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Science 7 - McQuaid > Unit 10 - Test > Flashcards

Unit 10 - Test Flashcards

1
Q

How many major organ systems are in the human body?

A

11

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2
Q

Fill in the blanks:

In the skeletal system, we have an ______________ made of _____ living bones.

A

endoskeleton, 206

An endoskeleton just means that our bones are inside of our body (internal).

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3
Q

Why do our bones have many different shapes and sizes?

A

Because bones have so many different jobs

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4
Q

What are the five main functions of bones?

A
  1. Structure and support
  2. Protection
  3. Movement (working with muscles)
  4. Make blood
  5. Stores minerals (calcium + vitamin D) / stores fat (adult - yellow marrow)
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5
Q

What is the hard, yellowish part of the bone that reduces friction?

A

Cartilage

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6
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

The periosteum is a very thin membrane that covers/protects the bone.

A

True

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7
Q

The _________ area of the bone is very rigid and dense. It is where the two types of bone ________ are found.

A

compact, marrow

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8
Q

What are the two types of bone marrow?

A
  1. Red marrow - blood
  2. Yellow marrow - fat
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9
Q

Why is the spongy area of the bone important?

A

It gives the bone extra strength by providing it with a bit of flexibility

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10
Q

What type of tissue is bone marrow?

A

soft

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11
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

A joint where one bone rotates in the cup of another.

(Ex. Shoulder & hip)

A

Ball and socket joint

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12
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

A joint that moves back and forth like a door.

(Ex. Knee & Elbow)

A

Hinge joint

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13
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

These joints move over one another.

(Ex. Ankle & Wrist & Vertebrae)

A

Gliding joint

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14
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

This joint rolls and rotates.

(Ex. Neck)

A

Pivot joint

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15
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

This joint does not move.

Ex.) Cranium or Skull

A

Fixed joint

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16
Q

Answer the question with the best available option:

What blood vessels connect arteries and veins (one cell-layer thick)?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Plasma
D. Capillaries

A

D. Capillaries

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17
Q

Fill in the blanks:

__________ carry blood rich in ________ away from the heart (except for the pulmonary ________)

A

arteries, oxygen, artery

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18
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

Veins

A

Veins carry blood rich in carbon dioxide to the heart (except for the pulmonary vein which has oxygen)

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19
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

The constant flow of blood through the body.

A

Circulation

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20
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

The heart is part of the respiratory system.

A

False. The heart is part of the circulatory system, a.k.a. the cardiovascular system

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21
Q

What type of muscle is the heart made out of?

A

cardiac

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22
Q

Possibility of being a bonus:

_______________________ refers to when your heart works with your lungs. On the contrary, when your heart works with the entire body, it is known as _____________________.

A

Pulmonary circulation, systemic circulation

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23
Q

Answer the statement with the best available option:

The two atria and two ventricles make up the heart’s…

A. aorta
B. septum
C. chambers
D. vena cava

A

C. chambers

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24
Q

What do veins contain to prevent backflow?

A

one-way valves

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25
# True or false? If false, correct the statement: Arteries have thick, muscular walls.
True
26
Capillaries allow gas __________ and the exchange of nutrients between _______ and ________.
exchange, blood, tissue
27
Where do our bones meet at?
joints
28
# Answer the statement with the best available option: Bones are held together by tough connective tissues called... **A.** cartilage **B.** marrow **C.** periosteums **D.** ligaments
D. ligaments
29
# Provide the definition of the term: tendon
strong, flexible tissue that connects your muscles to your bones
30
What are the **four** main things that blood carries?
1. Carries oxygen 2. Carries nutrients 3. Carries wastes 4. Carries infection fighters
31
# All of the following are part of which organ? * Plasma * Red blood cells (RBCs) * White blood cells (WBCs) * Platelets
blood
32
# Provide the definition of the term: plasma
The fluid part of your blood that makes up 50% of it
33
# True or false? If false, correct the statement: Red blood cells (RBCs) carry helium.
False. Red blood cells (RBCs) carry **_oxygen_**.
34
What is the protein that helps RBCs carry oxygen (by attracting it)?
hemoglobin
35
# Fill in the blank: The infection fighters in your blood are the ____________________ (_____).
white blood cells (WBCs)
36
# Answer the question with the best available option: What helps clot the blood? **A.** Plasma **B.** Capillaries **C.** Platelets **D.** All of the above
C. Platelets
37
# Provide the blood type based off of the descriptions: * Universal donor * Universal receiver
* Blood type O * Blood type AB
38
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
cranium
39
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
clavicle
40
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
temporal bone
41
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
femur
42
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
humerus
43
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
pelvis
44
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
scapula
45
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
fibula
46
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
radius
47
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
coccyx
48
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
maxilla
49
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
tibia
50
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
sternum
51
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
sacrum
52
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
metatarsals
53
What bone of the humman skeleton has been removed?
ulna
54
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
vertebrae
55
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
mandible
56
What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
ribs
57
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
carpals
58
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
phalanges
59
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
patella
60
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
metacarpals
61
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
phalanges
62
Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?
tarsals
63
1. How does a ball and socket joint work? 2. List some examples of one.
1. One bone rotates in the cup of another 2. Shoulder + hip
64
1. How does a hinge joint work? 2. List some examples of one.
1. Back and forth like a door 2. Knee + elbow
65
1. How does a gliding joint work? 2. List some examples of one.
1. Move over one another 2. Ankle, wrist, vertebrae
66
1. How does a pivot joint work? 2. List an example of one.
1. Roll + rotate 2. Neck
67
1. How does a fixed joint work? 2. List an example of one.
1. Doesn't move 2. Skull (cranium)
68
What part of the heart is this?
aorta
69
1. What part of the heart is this? 2. Where does it carry blood to?
1. pulmonary artery 2. lungs
70
What is the difference between a ventricle and an atrium?
* **_Ventricle_** - The lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart * **_Atrium_** - The upper chambers that receive blood from the veins
71
1. What part of the heart is this? 2. Where does it carry blood from?
1. pulmonary veins 2. lungs
72
What part of the heart is this?
left atrium
73
What part of the heart is this?
mitral valve (bicuspid)
74
What part of the heart is this?
left ventricle
75
What part of the heart is this?
septum
76
What part of the heart is this?
right ventricle
77
What part of the heart is this?
tricuspid valve
78
What part of the heart is this?
right atrium
79
What part of the heart is this?
superior vena cava
80
What part of the heart is this?
inferior vena cava
81
# Complete the pathway of blood through the heart: Vena cava ---> _______ atrium ---> _______ ventricle ---> pulmonary ________ ---> ________ ---> pulmonary ______ ---> left ______ ---> left ___________ ---> aorta ---> ______
right, right, artery, lungs, vein, atrium, ventricle, body

Science 7 - McQuaid (20 decks)

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