Unit 4, Quiz 1

Question 1

The _______________ controls what moves into and out of the cell. This is called _____________________.

Answer 1

1. Cell membrane
2. Semi-permeable

Question 2

What substances can easily move in and out of the cell membrane when needed?

Answer 2

1. Water
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon Dioxide
4. Minerals

Question 3

What is passive transport?

Answer 3

Passive transport is the movement of materials across the cell membrane without the help of energy

Hint: Going down a hill

Question 4

Diffusion and osmosis are both examples of what?

Answer 4

Passive transport

Question 5

Diffusion is the ____________ of molecules from a _____ concentration to a ____ concentration.

Answer 5

1. Movement
2. High
3. Low

Question 6

Diffusion occurs in both ____________ and ______________.

Answer 6

1. Plants
2. Animals

Question 7

What is equilibrium?

Answer 7

Equilibrium is when particles are balanced, or evenly spread out

Question 8

Do our body processes work better at cold or warm temperatures?

Answer 8

Warm

Question 9

What is the exact temperature that is ideal for our body?

Answer 9

98.6 degrees fahrenheit

Question 10

What is facilitated diffusion?

Hint: Facilitate means to help or assist.

Answer 10

Facilitated diffusion is when charged particles or larger molecules, such as glucose, move through tranport proteins (protein channels) passively

Question 11

Osmosis is the __________ of ____________ through a membrane.

Answer 11

1. Diffusion
2. Water

Question 12

True or false? If false, correct the statement.

Water molecules only move from a high concentration to a low concentration.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Why will a fresh vegetable become rubbery when placed in salt water overnight?

Answer 13

When you put fresh vegetables in salt water, water moves out of the vegetable cells into the saltwater, causing the cells to shrink and the vegetable to become rubbery. This is an example of osmosis and equilibrium.

Question 14

What is active transport?

Answer 14

Active transport is when materials move across the cell membrane with the help of energy

Question 15

There are pumps in the cell membrane that allow for active transport. What is an example of one?

Answer 15

The Sodium-Potassium pump

Question 16

Exocytosis and endocytosis are both examples of what?

Answer 16

Active transport

Question 17

Directions: Identify the name of the process being described below.

Very large materials, like proteins and bacteria, enter the cell by pushing their way through the cell membrane; some cells can also “engulf” such materials, like white blood cells.

Answer 17

Endocytosis

Question 18

What is the organelle that has the biggest job in exocytosis?

Answer 18

The Golgi complex

Question 19

Directions: Fill in the blanks to the best of your ability.

During exocytosis, very ____________ packaged materials, like _____________ and _____________, leave the cell by fusing with the __________________ and being released outside into the ____________________.

Answer 19

1. Large
2. Proteins
3. Vacuoles
4. Cell membrane
5. Bloodstream

Question 20

Energy is needed by all organisms to help run their what?

Answer 20

Metabolisms

Question 21

What is a metabolism?

Answer 21

A metabolism is all of the chemical activities that help enable an organism to stay alive, grow, and reproduce.

Question 22

Directions: Fill in the blanks to the best of your ability.

Energy is stored in the ________ that we eat. Energy is released when the ________________ are broken in food we eat.

Answer 22

1. Food
2. Chemical bonds

Question 23

True or False? If false, correct the statement.

Producers are organisms that are able to make their own food (by using sunlight). Some examples of them are humans, tigers, and mice.

Answer 23

False. Producers are organisms that are able to make their own food (by using sunlight). Some examples of them are trees, sunflowers, and strawberries.

Question 24

What are consumers? What are some examples of them?

Answer 24

Consumers are organisms that receive their energy by eating producers and/or other consumers. Some examples of them are humans, tigers, or mice.

Question 25

What are decomposers? What are some examples of them?

Answer 25

Decomposers are organisms that receive their energy from decaying materials; they also recycle nutrients. Some examples of them are mushrooms and bacteria.

Question 26

The process that producers use to change light energy into chemical energy is called what?

Answer 26

Photosynthesis

Question 27

Directions: Fill in the blanks to the best of your ability.

Cellular Respiration is the process of __________ down food in the cells to release ___________ energy.

Answer 27

1. Breaking
2. Stored

Question 28

If cellular respiration requires oxygen to occur, what is that called?

Answer 28

Aerobic

Question 29

When muscle cells run low on oxygen, what do they go through?

Answer 29

Fermentation

Question 30

List four ways fermentation differs from cellular respiraton.

Answer 30

1. Fermentation occurs without oxygen (anaerobic)
2. It makes only 2 units of ATP energy
3. It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
4. Produces lactic acid as a waste by product in humans

Question 31

Fermentation is important in providing humans multiple food products. Name three food products that go through fermentation.

Answer 31

1. Bread. When yeast interacts with the sugars in bread dough, fermentation occurs. This process produces carbon dioxide gas, which makes the dough rise.
2. Beer. Yeast ferments sugars from malted grains, creating alcohol and carbonation.
3. Wine. In wine, yeast ferments sugars from grapes, leading to the production of alcohol.