Unit 11: intelligence Flashcards
(26 cards)
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
Intelligence
a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
intelligence test
A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
General Intelligence
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.
Factor Analysis
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
Savant Syndrome
In psychology, _____ is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals.
Grit
The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.
Emotional Intelligence
A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a _____ ____ of 8.
Mental Age
The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test.
Stanford-Binet
Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, __ = ma/ca x 100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100, with scores assigned to relative performance above or below average.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
A test designed to assess what a person has learned.
Achievement Test
A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; the capacity to learn.
Aptitude Test
The most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.
Standardization
(normal distribution) a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (about 68% fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes.
Normal Curve
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.
Reliability
The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.
Validity
The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.
Content Validity
The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity)
Predictive Validity
A group of people from a given time period.
Cohort
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.
Crystallized Intelligence
Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood.
Fluid Intelligence
A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life. (Formerly referred to as mental retardation.)
Intellectual Disability
A condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Down Syndrome
