Unit 12 Flashcards
(32 cards)
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
Psychological Disorder
A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.
Medical Model
The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.
DSM-5
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
Anxiety Disorders
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. Often followed by worry over a possible next attack.
Panic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
Phobia
Intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such. (Formerly called social phobia.)
Social Anxiety Disorder
Fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide-open spaces, where one has felt loss of control and panic.
Agoraphobia
A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.
Post-Traumatic Growth
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. Includes major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder.
Mood Disorders
A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Major Depressive Disorder
A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Mania
A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Mania
A mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. (Formerly called manic-depressive disorder.)
Bipolar Disorder
Compulsive fretting; overthinking about one’s problems and their causes.
Rumination
A psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotional expression.
Schizophrenia
A psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions.
Psychosis
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
Delusions
A psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a static (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
A disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found. (Also called functional neurological symptom disorder.)
Conversion Disorder
