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AP Psychology > Unit 13: Treating Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Unit 13: Treating Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

eclectic approach

A

therapy involving multiple therapeutic methods and techniques to meet the needs of the client

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2
Q

psychotherapy

A

type of therapy involving interactions between a client and a therapist to solve mental, emotional, disease-related, and disorder-related problems

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3
Q

antianxiety drugs

A

used to reduce symptoms of anxiety

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4
Q

antidepressant drugs

A

used to elevate mood and relieve depression

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5
Q

antipsychotic drugs

A

used to gradually decrease symptoms of psychotic disorders

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6
Q

aversive conditioning

A

use conditioning to form association between undesirable behavior that one wishes to change and undesirable consequences

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7
Q

Beck’s therapy for depression

A

involves changing negative thoughts into positive ones (cognitive therapy)

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8
Q

behavior therapies

A

use principles of conditioning and learning to change maladaptive behaviors of psychological disorders

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9
Q

biomedical therapy

A

used to treat biological symptoms of psychological disorders

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10
Q

classical conditioning techniques

A

forming an association between an undesired behavior that one wishes to change and an undesirable consequence of that behavior

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11
Q

client-centered therapy

A

therapy where the client decides terms of treatment which allows a favorable environment for self growth

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12
Q

cognitive therapies

A

changing maladaptive thinking patterns into positive ones

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13
Q

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

A

use of conditioning methods to change maladaptive thinking patterns

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14
Q

commonalities among psychotherapies

A

all psychotherapies provide a safe environment for self growth

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15
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

inducing light electric shocks to shape behavior

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16
Q

family therapy

A

group therapy with the family as the group

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17
Q

group therapy

A

type of therapy in which clients with similar problems group together to discuss

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18
Q

humanistic therapies

A

therapies that focus on positive aspects of individual for self growth

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19
Q

insight therapies

A

therapies that increase clients’ self understanding to see where to improve

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20
Q

interpretation

A

method of psychoanalysis involving interpreting and explaining the client’s thoughts and behaviors in a given experience

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21
Q

lithium

A

type of mood stabilizer

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22
Q

lobotomy

A

destroying part of the brain involved in maladaptive emotions

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23
Q

mood-stabilizing medications

A

drugs that even out mood changes associated with bipolar disorders

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24
Q

operant conditioning

A

use of reinforcement to shape behaviors

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25
psychoanalysis
type of psychotherapy involving the recovery of unconscious conflicts and motives to understand better present feelings and behaviors
26
psychopharmacology
(drug therapy) the use of drugs to relieve or control the biological symptoms of psychological disorders
27
psychosurgery
performing surgery on the brain to relieve symptoms of severe psychological disorders
28
rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
replacing negative thought processes with positive ones
29
resistance
defensive measures that impede therapeutic progress
30
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
drugs that limit uptake of serotonin to control mood
31
systematic desensitization
type of behavioral therapy used to gradually reduce fear and anxiety associated with certain stimuli
32
tardive dyskinesia
involuntary repetitive jerks and movements
33
transference
client transfers strong emotions towards therapist
34
unconditional positive regard
providing an accepting and uncritical environment
35
Aaron Beck
developed cognitive behavioral therapy
36
Albert Ellis
developed rational-emotive behavioral therapy
37
Sigmund Freud
developed psychoanalysis
38
Carl Rogers
developed humanistic therapy
39
B. F. Skinner
influenced conditioning
40
What are the characteristics of the major humanistic therapies?
Client-centered therapy involves having the client choose the terms of the treatment. Reflection, unconditional positive regard, empathy, and authenticity are essential
41
What is behavior therapy, and how does it work?
Behavior therapy involves the use of conditioning principles and learning principles to shape maladaptive behavior
42
How is behavior therapy used to treat phobias, fears, and anxieties?
Systematic desensitization is used to determine the axietic stimuli, practice relaxing strategies, and relax in presence of the anxietic stimuli
43
What role does reinforcement play in behavior therapy?
Reinforcement may encourage a particular positive behavior or disgrace a particular negative behavior
44
Can therapy change thoughts and emotions?
Yes, via cognitive-behavioral therapy
45
Can psychotherapy be done with groups of people?
Yes, this is called group therapy
46
What do various therapies have in common?
Most therapies involve providing a safe environment for positive self growth
47
How do psychiatrists treat psychological disorders?
Drug therapy can be used to relieve the biological symptoms of psychological disorders
48
How are behavioral principles applied to everyday problems?
Conditioning can be used to treat everyday maladaptive behaviors
49
active listening
echoing, restating, and seeking clarification for what a client expresses
50
alternative therapies
pseudo therapies that utilize the placebo effect and the regression towards the mean effect to lie that their therapy improves symptoms of psychological disorders
51
catastrophizing
perceiving the worst outcomes in situations
52
client perceptions
how effective psychotherapy is according to the client
53
clinicians’ perceptions
how effective psychotherapy is according to the therapist
54
counterconditioning
using conditioning to replace maladaptive behaviors with constructive ones
55
deep brain stimulation
stimulating the parts of the brain responsive to mood with drug therapies or ECT
56
evidence-based practice
therapeutic treatment that incorporates the best available research, expertise of the therapist, and client preferences
57
exposure therapies
behavior therapies that expose people to the things that cause them anxiety to treat the anxieties
58
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
pseudo therapy involving rapidly moving one’s eyes while imagining a traumatic experience`
59
light exposure therapy
effective therapy for seasonal mood disorder that involves shining a bright light during the morning at a person
60
meta-analysis
statistical procedure for combining the results of many different studies
61
neurogenesis
growth and development of nervous tissue
62
psychodynamic therapy
therapy emphasizing the influence of unconscious forces and childhood conflicts on present feelings and behavior
63
regression toward the mean
tendency for unusual events or emotions to return to their average state
64
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
sending magnetic impulses of energy to the brain to stimulate or suppress brain activity
65
resilience
personal strength to cope with stress and recover from trauma
66
therapeutic alliance
emotional bond between a therapist and the client
67
therapeutic lifestyle change
changing one’s lifestyle to one more favorable for therapeutic growth
68
token economy
being given a token every time a desired behavior is successfully accomplished to eventually exchange for rewards
69
virtual reality exposure therapy
a 3D virtual world with scenes that have our anxiety inducing stimulus to help overcome our fear of them
70
Mary Cover Jones
conducted an experiment to show how exposure therapy could be used to treat irrational phobias
71
Joseph Wolpe
developed the Subjective Units of Discomfort (SUDS) scale to assess the subjective level of psychological pain
72
How do psychotherapies differ? How did psychotherapy originate?
Psychotherapies differ in the focus of the treatment or in the emphasis of the treatment. Psychotherapies originated from Freud's psychoanalysis.
73
To what extent is Freudian psychoanalysis still used?
Today, the traditional focus of psychoanalysis involving the id, ego, and superego is rarely used today, however the idea of free association provided a basis for more modern psychotherapies
74
How could a person find professional help?
Choose a therapist that best suits your needs

AP Psychology (19 decks)

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