Unit 14

Question 1

What is alcohol produced from?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

Alcohol is two things

Answer 2

FOOD (made from carbs)

DRUG (modifies body functions)

Question 3

Positives of alcohol

Answer 3

• moderate consumption can protect from heart disease (men over 45, women over 55)
• Increases HDL
• protect against type 2 (in nondiabetics) and ischemic stroke (not hemorrhagic)
• decrease ability of LDL cholesterol to sick to arteries
• red wine can prevent blood clot and act as antioxidant

Question 4

HDL

Answer 4

High-Density Lipoprotein

“good cholesterol”

Question 5

Negatives of Alcohol

Answer 5

• chronic/progressive disease
• increased risk of breast cancer
• high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack, cirrhosis, cancer, vitamin/mineral deficiencies, FAS, accidents

Question 6

Alcohol Poisoning

Answer 6

• passing out
• semi conscious
• cold, pale, or blush skin
• slow or irregular breathing
• siezures
• vomitting

Question 7

How many drinks is considered heavy drinking

Answer 7

5 or more drinks a day

over 20% of canadians drink much more than is healthy for either the body or society

Question 8

true or false: social drinkers who drink one can do more harm than those who are alcohol dependent

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

FAS

Answer 9

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder

• women who drink during pregnancy
• impaired growth and mental development
• 10% have FASD associated facial features
• permanent / life-long

Question 10

% of canadians who have FASD

Answer 10

4%

Question 11

FASD is ___ more prevalent than autism spectrum disorder

Answer 11

2.5x

Question 12

__% of canadian mothers who report consuming alcohol during pregnancy

Answer 12

11%

Question 13

FASD Mental disorders?

Answer 13

> 90%

Question 14

Calories/gram in pure alcohol

Answer 14

7 Cal/g

Question 15

how many calories come from heavy drinkers of alcohol

Answer 15

50%

3-9% for others

Question 16

Heavy drinkers usually lack what in the body

Answer 16

Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Iron
Calcium 
Thiamin

Question 17

Thiamin

Answer 17

helps with glucose utilization in brain

having a deficiency can lead to brain damage

Question 18

Does alcohol require digestion

Answer 18

No

reaches the brain in 1 minute

Question 19

What % of alcohol is absorbed directly across empty stomach wall

Answer 19

10%

Question 20

Can alcohol be stored in the body

Answer 20

no, but it remains in the body until eliminated

however carbs and fat are stored

Question 21

when does alcohol remain in the body until

Answer 21

until broken down by liver and used for energy or is converted into fat and stored

Question 22

What does the body treat alcohol like?

Answer 22

A TOXIN; up to 10% eliminated without being metabolized

Question 23

__% of alcohol that is completely oxidized

Answer 23

90%

Question 24

What oxdizes/metabolizes alcohol

Answer 24

the liver does the majority, however the stomach has alcohol dehydrogenase (small amount done in stomach)

Question 25

Women have lower alcohol tolerance?

Answer 25

YES; less alcohol dehydrogenase, less pass metabolism and more can reach bloodstream

Question 26

Increased alcohol Bioavailability

Answer 26

in women; they can reach higher peak blood alcohol concentrations than men they have more body fat and less body water

Question 27

Blood Alcohol Concentrations

Answer 27

Determined by: 1. amount of alcohol consumed 2. presence or absence of food 3. rate of alcohol metabolism

Question 28

3 reasons why blood alcohol will increase more rapidly if rates of absorption are higher

Answer 28

1. the greater the concentration of alcohol content 2. carbonated beverages 3. drinking on empty stomach

Question 29

2 ways absorption can be slowed

Answer 29

1. eating | 2. diluting drinks with water or fruit juice

Question 30

How to calculate BAC

Answer 30

BAC = total alcohol / total amount of blood athletic person = higher lean mass, higher body water, lower BAC (feels alcohol slower) Obese person = More fat, less body water, higher BAC (feels alcohol faster)

Question 31

140 lbs, a drink or two per hours raises blood levels..

Answer 31

0.03%

Question 32

ranges of impairment for blood alcohol

Answer 32

0. 08-0.10% - impairment n driving 0. 13% - severe slurred speech etc >0.35% - poisoning, death etc

Question 33

Alcohol in liver

Answer 33

- liver can process ~1 drink per hour | - alcohol circulated in body until liver is ready

Question 34

alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 34

- some in stomach | - amount depends on genetics and how much you recently have eaten

Question 35

3 things - alcohol damages the liver

Answer 35

1. fatty liver (fat accumulates) 2. Fibrosis (liver cells die and form scar tissue) 3. Cirrhosis (damage least reversible)

Question 36

Alcohol and Behaviour

Answer 36

1. depresses the behavioural inhibitory centers (more talkative) 2. slows down sensory processing 3. inhibits though processes (effects judgement)

Question 37

alcohol and drugs

Answer 37

- both compete for the detox system in liver | - can cause overdose

Question 38

aspirin and alcohol

Answer 38

stomach ulcers

Question 39

Acetominophen (tylenol) and alcohol

Answer 39

liver damage

Question 40

Redbull and Alcohol

Answer 40

redbull is stimulant, alcohol is depressant

Question 41

Taurine

Answer 41

can alter locomotor stimulatory, sedating and motivational effects in redbull

Question 42

Type 1 alcoholism

Answer 42

after age of 25 | generally not genetic in origin

Question 43

Type 2 alcoholism

Answer 43

``` genetic early exposure (teen years) ```

Question 44

__% of alcohol is consumed by teenagers (USA)

Answer 44

20

Question 45

__ % of 8th graders __ % of 10th graders __ % of 12th graders binge drinking report

Answer 45

15% 26% 31%