Unit 2: Weight Flashcards
____ blocks the effect of ____ at melanocotin receptors.
AgRP; alpha-MSH
Define the criteria for metabolic syndrome
3 of the following: BP systolic >130/diastolic >85, Waist circumference >35/40, Fasting glucose >100, Triglycerides >150, HDL less than 40(m)/50(f)
Ghrelin levels are generally ______ after bariatric surgery
decreased
Knockout of NPY results in increased ______ (hunger/satiety).
satiety
Knockout of the POMC gene results in loss of ___ and increased ______ (hunger/satiety)
alpha-MSH; hunger
Leptin inhibits _____ neurons and activates _____ neurons
NPY/AgRP; alpha-MSH/CART
Name 4 categories of drugs with weight-gain side effects
Anti-diabetic, anti-psychotic/mood stabilizing, contraceptives, glucocorticoids
Name 5 national weight control registry interventions.
Moderately low fat/high carb diet, frequent self-monitoring, eat breakfast, large amounts of physical acitivty, limit TV viewing
Name a dermatologic complication of pediatric obesity.
Acanthosis nigricans
Name cancers that have increased risk with obesity. (6)
Breast, endometrial, prostate, colon, gallbladder, kidney
Name endocrine complications of pediatric obesity.
T2D, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hypothyroidism
Name GI complications of pediatric obesity.
NAFLD, constipation
Name hormone(s) derived from the GI tract that promote feeding.
Ghrelin
Name hormone(s) derived from the GI tract that promote satiety
CCK, GLP-1, Peptide YY
Name neurologic and psychiatric complications of pediatric obesity.
Pseudotumor cerebri, depression/anxiety, eating disorders
Name orthopedic complications of pediatric obesity
Blount Disease, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Name pulmonary complications of pediatric obesity.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
Name the BMI criteria for when medical therapy is indicated.
BMI>27 + comorbidities or BMI>30
Name the BMI criteria for when surgical therapy is indicated.
BMI>35 + comorbidities or BMI>40
Name two factors involved in long-term body mass regulation.
Leptin, insulin
What factors are produced by neurons in the arcuate nucleus that promote feeding behaviors?
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-Related Peptide (AgRP)
What factors are produced by neurons in the arcuate nucleus that promote satiety?
alpha-Melanocortin Stimulating Hormone (alpha-MSH) and Cocaine and Amphetamine Related Transcript (CART)
What factors are produced by the lateral hypothalamus to mediate feeding behaviors?
Melanin Concentrating Hormone (MCH) and orexins
What is the prevalence of sleep apnea in obese individuals?
40% (m) / 3% (f)
