Unit 3 1754-1800 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Seven Years / French and Indian War
1754-1763
fought between the British and the French
CAUSES= competition between British and France for control of colonial territories (like Ohio Valley)
ended with Treaty of Paris in 1763 - gave England control of Canada and east of Mississippi valley, France loss of territory led to anti-british sentiment
also led to major debt which led to heavy taxing postwar
Proclamation of 1763
Proclamation of 1763
forbade colonial settlment past Appalachian mountain to appese Native American tribes and to manage Westward settlment
made colonialists angry
Sugar Act
1764
British imported taxes on sugar and mollasses imported into colonines to raise revenue for British government - angered colonies
Stamp Act
1765
taxed goods produced within the colonies (printed goods)
led to boycotts
“no taxation without representation” colonialist felt unrepresented in Parliament
was repealed but led to the
Declaratory Act: parlament said can tax and legislate in all cases against colonies
Townshend Acts
1767
taxed daily goods like tea, glass, paper and paint
colonial boycotts of british goods weakend acts
-led to partial repeal
Boston Massacre
1770
propaganda campaign that followed suggested that soldiers had shot into a crowd of innocent bystanders
led to high tensions btwn colonists and British troops who were sent to enforce laws and taxes
colonists taunted, soldiers shot back: killed 5
caused more anti british settlement - sparked outrage in the colonies
Boston Tea Party
1773
tea tax protest
led to Intolerable Acts (british response)
Intolerable Acts / Coercive Acts
1774
Boston Port Act = closes Boston port to trade until colonists paid for tea
Quartering Act= required required colonists to house British soldiers
caused more anti-british sentiment
Lexington and Concord
1775
beginning of american revolutionary war
Declaration of Independence
1776
articulated the principle of individual liberty + government responsibility to serve the ppl
declared the 13 American colonies as free and independent states, severing their political ties with Great Britain.
It also outlined the reasons for this separation, emphasizing the colonists’ belief in inherent rights and the right to revolt against tyrannical governments.
Battle of Saratoga
1777
turning point inw ar
convinced France to ally with the United States
- provided military and financial aid
Articles of Confederation
1777 were written
first national constitution of the US
limitations: gave federal government no power to raise an amry, no executive or judicial branch, gave each state 1 vote revardless of state’s population (central power)
ratified all 13 startes in 1781
Franco American Alliance
negotiated by Ben Frank which brough french into war on colonists side
Battle of Yorktown
1781
end of revolutionary war
major british general was surrounded by French navy and wahsington troops, surrendered
Treaty of Paris
1783 - gave us land and independence
constitutional convention
1787
drafting the constitution to replace the articles of confederation
-adress problems of weak central government: inability to tax, no power to regulate commerce, enforce laws, or maintain standing arnmy (shays rebellion revealed)
the great compromise
and 3/5 compromise
shays rebellion
1786 and 1787
Daniel Shay (mass. farmer) led other poor farmers in uprising against high-state taxes, imprisonment for debt, and lack of paper money
demonstrated need for stronger national government because couldnt gather militia to stop them
The Great Compromise
house of representative (representation according to state population) and senate (2 per state) addresses state rep in government
3/5 compromise
count 3/5 of slave population torward representation - empowered souther states addresed slaves
1788 Election
Washing election
-national bank created
-Hamilton’s plan to reduce debt
-neutrality proclimation - US stays neutral betwn france and britian war (led to political parties)
bill of rights added to constitution
1791
protected indivisual liberties in strong central government - balence of power
XYZ affair
heightened tensions betweens US and france
led to treaty that established friendship
alien and sedition acts
1798
tightened restricions on forign born americns (immigrants)
limited speech critical of government
First Bank of the United States (1791)
Established by Alexander Hamilton in response to the war debt and economic instability, it aimed to stabilize the currency, manage government finances, and stimulate commerce.
