Unit #3

Question 1

how many kidney we have and etc

Answer 1

2 kidney
2 ureters
1 urinary bladder
1 URETHRA

Question 2

unitary system

Answer 2

organ of excretion
composed of kidney & urinary tracts

Question 3

kidney function

Answer 3

filter blood to remove metabolic waste (urine )
regulate fluid and electrolyte balance
regulate ph
influence blood
releasing hormone (EPO)
INFLUENCE BLOOD PRESSURE
vitamin D (calcitriol > help absorb CALCIUM)

Question 4

3 EXTERNAL LAYER

Answer 4

renal capsul -cover exterior of each kidney

Adipose capsul-protect from trauma (injury )

RENAL FACIA- anchor kidney to periotoneum and musculature of posterior body wall ( hold kidney in place )

Question 5

HILUM

Answer 5

where veins artery nerve enter & exit

Question 6

ureters are found ?

Answer 6

on posterior body wall

Question 7

urinary bladder found ?

Answer 7

pelvic cavity ( urine is stored ) there

Question 8

kidney are

Answer 8

restroperitoneal

Question 9

afterent

Answer 9

happen first

Question 10

efferent

Answer 10

happen 2

Question 11

kidney cointains

Answer 11

2 arterioles
2 capillary bed

Question 12

GLOMERULUS step

Answer 12

afferent carry blood vessel to GLOMERULUS
EFFERENT TAKE IT AWAY

PERITUBULAR CAPILARIES
DRAIN IT TO RENAL VEIN

Question 13

nephron is made of

Answer 13

renal corpuscles
renal tubules

Question 14

renal corpuscle is made of

Answer 14

glomerulus capsule
capsular space

Question 15

3 internal region

Answer 15

outermost renal cortex

middle - renal medulla

innermost renal pelvis

Question 16

glomerular capsule layer

Answer 16

outer parietal & inner visceral layer

Question 17

renal tubule made of

Answer 17

proximal tube
nephron loop
distal loop
collecting duct

Question 18

macula densa

Answer 18

senses fluid salt concentration

Question 19

type of nephrons

Answer 19

cortical nephons most common short loop

JUXTAMEDULLARY NEPHONs - least common dip in medulla long loop

Question 20

secreation

Answer 20

blood to tibule

Question 21

reabsorbtion

Answer 21

tibule to blood

Question 22

fenestrated capillary filter

Answer 22

nitrogenous waste
urea and ammonium ( from protein metabolism)

creatine

utic acid

Question 23

kidney filter in how much

Answer 23

1min
make about 2 LITTER A DAY

Question 24

primary control GFR

Answer 24

sns

Question 25

if GFR DECREASE IT LEAD TO

Answer 25

renal failure

Question 26

Facultative water reabsorption

Answer 26

water is reasorb based on body need

Question 27

aldosterone is from

Answer 27

adrenal cortex increase reabsorption of sodium secretion increase POTASSIUM INTO FILTRATE REDUCE URINE

Question 28

ADH

Answer 28

hypothalamus and secrete by posterior pituitary gland water REABSORPTION REDUCE URINE

Question 29

ANP

Answer 29

excretion of sodium (lower sodium ) inhibit Aldosterone and ADH

Question 30

proximal tubule

Answer 30

secrete hydrogen ion most reasorbtion happen

Question 31

kidney conserve water by

Answer 31

realase ADH COUNTERCURRENT MULTIPLIER

Question 32

create a and maintain osmotic pressure by exchanging material and opposite direction between filtrate and fluid

Answer 32

countercurrent multiplier

Question 33

urine PH

Answer 33

4.5 -8.0

Question 34

dilute vs concentrated

Answer 34

1.001 very dilute 1.035 vey concentrated

Question 35

layers of ureters

Answer 35

adventitia-most superficial layer with fiber connective tissue muscularis - middle layer with smooth muscle that is peristalsis move urine into bladder mucosa-deepest layer mucous membrane of transitional epithelium

Question 36

layers of the urinary bladder

Answer 36

adventitia-most superficial with areola connective tissue destructor muscle - middle layer squeeze bladder -found internal urethra sprinter Found at opening urethra Mucosa- innermost layer made of transitional epithelium

Question 37

male has

Answer 37

prostatic urethra membranous urethra spongy urethra

Question 38

female have

Answer 38

urethra clitoris

Question 39

urichrome

Answer 39

breakdown of hemoglobin

Question 40

micturition

Answer 40

Urinary discharge of urine from your bladder to outside of body

Question 41

micturition reflex

Answer 41

reflect by PSN when urinary fills bladder and stresses well is sent signals to brain

Question 42

micturition center

Answer 42

found in ponds voluntary process

Question 43

urine ph range

Answer 43

4.5 -8.0