Unit 3-DNA/Protein Synthesis Review

Question 1

3 Parts of a nucleotide

Answer 1

Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

Question 2

A DNA strand has the following sequence of bases: AAGTCG. What would be the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

Answer 2

TTCAGC

Question 3

What major class of carbon compounds is formed from nucleotides?

Answer 3

Nucleic acids

Question 4

What are the nitrogen bases for RNA

Answer 4

AUCG

Question 5

What are the nitrogen bases of DNA

Answer 5

ATCG

Question 6

Where in the cell is DNA

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

Where in the cell is RNA

Answer 7

mRNA- nucleus and cytoplasm
tRNA & rRNA-cytoplasm

Question 8

Function of DNA

Answer 8

Contains hereditary information and code for proteins

Question 9

Function of mRNA

Answer 9

contains codons for proteins , transcribed from DNA

Question 10

Function of tRNA

Answer 10

brings amino acids to create proteins/peptides

Question 11

Function of rRNA

Answer 11

ribosome structure

Question 12

DNA is _____ stranded and RNA is ______ stranded

Answer 12

Double, Single

Question 13

What is Transcription

Answer 13

mRNA is created from the DNA code

Question 14

where dose transcription take place

Answer 14

nucleus

Question 15

where dose mRNA take the code after being transcribed

Answer 15

ribosomes/cytoplasm

Question 16

A DNA strand has the following sequence of nitrogenous bases: CCTACG. What will be the sequence of bases in the mRNA that results from transcription?

Answer 16

GGAUGC

Question 17

what happens during translation

Answer 17

The mRNA code is translated into an amino acid chain at the ribosome, with amino acids brought by tRNA

Question 18

what type of molecules do tRNA carry

Answer 18

amino acids

Question 19

What is a DNA mutation

Answer 19

Altering of the DNA code

Question 20

nonsense mutation

Answer 20

A mutation that causes a program to stop instead of coding for the appropriate codon

Question 21

missense mutation

Answer 21

A point mutation that causes a different amino acid to be coded for

Question 22

silent mutation

Answer 22

A change in the nucleotide that dose not change the amino acid sequence

Question 23

What type of mutations are the most dangerous

Answer 23

Frame-shift

Question 24

What factors cause mutations

Answer 24

Chemical, radiation, environmental factors

Question 25

point mutation

Answer 25

one base gets changed

Question 26

frameshift mutation

Answer 26

1 base gets added or deleted

Question 27

chromosomal mutation

Answer 27

entire chromosome gets changed

Question 28

3 types of chromosomal mutation

Answer 28

insertion- extra part is added deletion-part is deleted inversion-part of chromosome breaks off and reattaches wrong

Question 29

Mutations can only be inherited if they occur in what type of cell

Answer 29

sex cells

Question 30

Cancer

Answer 30

abnormal cell growth that results in a tumor caused by mutations that effect growth and division