UNIT 3: SENSATION & PERSPECTIVES Flashcards

(33 cards)

1
Q

Transduction

A

Is the process of converting physical energy into electrical signals

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2
Q

Bottom- Up Processing

A

Build up from the smallest pieces of sensory information

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3
Q

Top-Down Processing

A

Brain applies what it knows and expects to perceive sensory information.

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4
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

The point where you notice that a stimulus is present.

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5
Q

Difference Threshold

A

The point where you can detect the difference between stimuli

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6
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

Reduced sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it.

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7
Q

Cocktail Party Effect

A

Ability to focus on a particular sound while partial filtering out other sounds

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8
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

Focus on one stimulus will lead to between blind to other stimuli (change blindness=miss changes).

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9
Q

Perceptual Set

A

Predisposition to perceive things in a certain way (notice certain aspects of an object/situation while ignoring other details).

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10
Q

Rods

A

Responsible for vision at low light levels

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11
Q

Cones

A

Vision at higher light levels and capable of color vision.

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12
Q

Blind Spot

A

Area in eye with no receptor cells

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13
Q

Opponent-Process Theory

A

Repeated exposure to stimulus will cause less of an initial reaction and a stronger opposing reaction

Red-Green
Blue-Yellow
Black-White

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14
Q

Binocular Cues

A

Depth perception using two eyes

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15
Q

Monocular Cues

A

Depth perception using one eye.

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16
Q

PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION

A

Ways that humans organize information

17
Q

Figure Ground

A

ability to differentiate an object from its background.

18
Q

Grouping

A

Tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

19
Q

What are the 6 ways you can perceive images?

A
  1. Proximity
  2. Similarity
    3.Continuity
    4.Closure
    5.Area
    6.Symmetry
20
Q

Proximity

A

Objects that are close together are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group

21
Q

Similarity

A

State the likenesses between items or arrange items in categories according to their similarities

22
Q

Continuity

A

The ability to continue the same way indefinitely

23
Q

Closure

A

The illusion of seeing an incomplete stimulus as though it were whole

24
Q

Area

A

How much area there is in an image

25
Symmetry
If the things line up together
26
Visual Cliff
Laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants
27
Shape and Size Consistencies
We perceive the form of familiar objects as constant even while our retinas receive changing images of them.
28
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Damage to your inner ear (tiny hair cells)
29
Conduction Hearing Loss
Anatomical structure in the ear block the passage of sound.
30
Cochlea
Sound waves traveling through the cochlea fluid trigger nerve impulses.
31
Gate- Control Theory
The theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.
32
Kinesthesia
Our movement sense
33
Vestibular Sense
Our sense of body movement and position that enables out sense of balance.