Unit 3 T Flashcards
(11 cards)
Antecedent interventions have…… Effects on behavior.
Behavior altering: they either evoke or abate behavior which is immediate and temporary, short term effect.
Consequences have delayed and semi permanent long-term effects on behavior
Which of the following is not a common problem with the Way antecedent interventions are typically use?
The intervention is not tied to a specific target behavior
The intervention is not described it conceptually systematic terms
The label of the intervention is a structured term rather than a functional term
The mechanism underlying there effects are not identified
The intervention is not tied to a specific target behavior.
Antecedent interventions are often used without identifying the mechanisms underlying there effects. terms referring to their use are often not conceptually systematic, EG., Talk about providing reinforcement before a behavior; and structural terms Eg, Setting events, are used instead of functional terms such as motivating operation or discriminative control. However antecedent interventions are almost always tied to specific target behaviors for increase and decrease. Even an intervention as generic as environmental enrichment is tied to such targets as disruptive behavior or engagement with material
In the past, Sam was not very productive after lunch, showing no interest in even his favorite edible reinforcers. However after receiving medical treatment for gastric reflux which reduced his post meal regurgitation and rumination of food, he became much more cooperative and productive after lunch. He now cheerfully consumes edibles as reinforcers for after lunch work behavior. In relation to the increase in his work behavior, the medical treatment appears to have functioned as an;
Establishing operation for negative reinforcement
Abolishing operation for positive reinforcement
Establishing operation for positive reinforcement
Abolishing operation for negative reinforcement
Establishing operation for positive enforcement
In relation to the edible, positively in for a service, the treatment for the reflux function as an establishing operation for a positive reinforcement. Increasing their effectiveness as reinforcers. The treatment may have also been in a bulging operation for certain forms of reinforcement such as a skate from task due to his general discomfort, but this is not explored in the details of the question
Sarah is a highly effective fourth grade teacher. She provides attention to her students frequently regardless of the ongoing activity. She sees very little disruptive behavior from students in her classroom. However some of the same students engage in disruptive behavior and Sharon’s 45 minute art class, where Sharon typically only has time to focus on a few students work and otherwise verbal to correct those who exhibit disruptive behavior. Sarah’s use of attention in her classroom could be considered;
A time based schedule
Stimulus fading in
Altering demands
DRO Schedule
Time-based schedule
According to their underlying mechanism’s, antecedent interventions can be classified according to;
X = Contingency Breaking effects
Y = generic or function based interventions
Z = MO Or discriminative effects
Both X and a Z
Antecedent interventions can be classified according to their underlying mechanisms as having a contingency breaking effect, an M0 and/or discriminative effect, and/or a preventative effect (restricting the occurrence of the behavior)
The category is generic and function based on not classifications related to underlying mechanism’s but rather are based on the use of the intervention. An antecedent interventions that is not based on identified functional relation is considered a generic or default intervention.
Non-discrete conditions which overlap with discrete antecedent behavior relationships are;
Ecological variables
All of these
Discriminative stimuli
Setting events
Ecological variables
Setting events are best conceptualized as discrete stimuli (Environmental events). They are Remote in time and may occur over an extended period. They can be compound (Multiple events can contribute to a setting event). Ecological variables on the other hand are non-discrete conditions, also known as contextual variables (ie) Variables in context of the target behavior). They are generally non-discrete events a G., Temperature of the setting in which the behavior occurs, noise in the environment, number of persons present etc. And they overlap in time with the occurrence of the target behavior
Using discriminative stimulus control procedures would typically require the use of;
X = extinction
Y = punishment
Z= reinforcement
Both X, Z
Using discriminative stimulus control procedures typically requires the use of both reinforcement and extinction, DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT!!
What type of MECHANISM is consistently responsible for the effectiveness of environmental enrichment?
Abolishing and establishing operations
Differential reinforcement
Pairing
Noncontingent reinforcement
Abolishing and establishing operations
Environmental enrichment Does not necessarily involve the presentation of events contingent on the passage of time although it can – but this is not A necessary component, since simply placing many engaging stimuli and even edibles can constitute environmental enrichment, which is quite distinct from NCR or any other time contingent delivery of anything. Moreover, NCR is NOT mechanism but a procedure.
Alyson needs to take her six-year-old son to a doctors wellness visit check up. In the past he has been very difficult during exams By struggling, kicking and screaming and even scratching others. This time, before taking her son to the doctors office, she stopped at a playground and lets her son play and run around for an entire hour. After this she takes him to the wellness visit and observe that he does not scream, Kik or scratched during the exam. What type of antecedent intervention did Alyson use in this scenario?
Medical treatment
Antecedent exercise
Discriminative stimulus control
Environmental enrichment
Antecedent exercise.
Alyson is not using differential reinforcement to establish discriminative control over her sons behavior, nor is she providing free access to a wide variety of items, activities and attention to decrease their value is consequences.
Typically when Danny is asked to transition from preferred activities but watching television to less preferred activities like taking a bath he would scream cry and flock to the floor. Today Danny’s mom came to him halfway through the 30 minute show he was watching and said in 15 minutes when the show is over we’re going to take a bath. After the bath mommy can we do a story. Five minutes later she came back and said remember in 10 minutes when the show is over we are going to take a bath. After another five minutes she returned and said what are we going to do when the show is over? And Danny replied to take a bath. That’s right she replied. Goodbye Danny. You still have five more minutes to watch your show. When the show is over Danny complied with his mom‘s request to turn off the TV without any problems and took a bath. The procedure that mom implemented can be described as
Fading in demand
Cushion antecedent predictors
Relaxation exercises
Environmental enrichment
Cushion antecedent predictors
By signaling the transition and preparing Danny for the last preferred activity, she questioned the antecedent predictor. The environment was already in Riched and no demand it was faded in - The demand to take a bath was not reduced in anyway to be incrementally increase over time. Danny was not encouraged to engage in a learned a relaxation response to about the value of escape
Hey conceptually systematic alternative term for NCR could be;
X = response independent reinforcement
Y = time contingent attention
Z = non-contingent attention
X and Z only
