Unit 3A: Basics of Life - Macromolecules

Question 1

What genetic information makes up nucleic acids?

Answer 1

DNA and RNA

Question 2

What carries energy in nucleic acids?

Answer 2

ATP

Question 3

What are the monomers in nucleic acids?

Answer 3

Nucleotides

Question 4

How do lipids react to water?

Answer 4

They are hydrophobic

Question 5

What type of energy storage do lipids help with?

Answer 5

Long term energy storage

Question 6

What part of the cell are lipids in?

Answer 6

Cell membrane

Question 7

What type of macromolecule is a steroid?

Answer 7

Lipids

Question 8

What type of macromolecule is cholestorol?

Answer 8

Lipids

Question 9

Are saturated or unsaturated fats more healthy?

Answer 9

Unsaturated fats are more healthy.

Question 10

What is the monomer of lipids?

Answer 10

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 11

What is the monomer of proteins?

Answer 11

Amino acids

Question 12

What is the polymer of proteins?

Answer 12

Polypeptide

Question 13

What macromolecule are hormones?

Answer 13

Proteins

Question 14

What macromolecule is enzymes?

Answer 14

Proteins

Question 15

What macromolecule is melatin and keratin?

Answer 15

Proteins

Question 16

What are the monosacharides of carbohydrates?

Answer 16

Glucose, fructose

Question 17

What are the disaccharides of carbohydrates?

Answer 17

Sucrose, lactose

Question 18

What are polysaccharides used for?

Answer 18

Energy storage

Question 19

What are the energy storage polysaccharides in plants?

Answer 19

Starch

Question 20

What are the energy storage polysaccharides in animals?

Answer 20

Glycogen

Question 21

What are the structural polysaccharides in plants?

Answer 21

Cellulose

Question 22

What are the structural polysaccharides in fungi?

Answer 22

Chitin

Question 23

What are the structural polysaccharides in bacteria?

Answer 23

Peptidoglycan

Question 24

Water molecules stick to other water molecules because

Answer 24

Hydrogen atoms of one water bond to oxygen of another water molecule

Question 25

You add sugar to unsweet tea. Which is the solute and solvent?

Answer 25

Sugar is the solute; unsweet tea is the solvent

Question 26

What functional groups are CH3 and OH?

Answer 26

Hydroxyl and methyl

Question 27

Polar molecules have an ___________ charge.

Answer 27

uneven

Question 28

-OH

Answer 28

hydroxyl

Question 29

-CO

Answer 29

Carbonyl

Question 30

-COOH

Answer 30

Carboxyl

Question 31

-CH3

Answer 31

Methyl

Question 32

-OPO3

Answer 32

Phosphate

Question 33

-NH2

Answer 33

Amino

Question 34

What reaction assembles polymers?

Answer 34

Dehydration synthesis

Question 35

What reaction disassembles polymers?

Answer 35

Hydrolysis

Question 36

What is the polymer of monosaccharide?

Answer 36

Carbohydrate

Question 37

What is the polymer of glycerol and fatty acid?

Answer 37

Lipid

Question 38

What is the polymer of amino acids?

Answer 38

Protein

Question 39

What is the polymer of nucleotides?

Answer 39

Nucleic acids

Question 40

What are three functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 40

Store short term energy, support fungi and bacteria cell walls, and support plant cell walls.

Question 41

What macromolecule is an enzyme?

Answer 41

Protein

Question 42

What are three functions of nucleic acids?

Answer 42

Code for genes, store energy, help form proteins

Question 43

What are three functions of proteins?

Answer 43

Enzymes, contraction/movement, and transport

Question 44

A + B --> C + Water What type of reaction is this?

Answer 44

Dehydration synthesis

Question 45

T/F: Phospholipids are important components of cell membranes

Answer 45

True

Question 46

T/F: Lipids store short-term energy

Answer 46

False

Question 47

T/F: Cholesterol is a type of lipid that is a component of steroid hormones

Answer 47

True

Question 48

T/F: Many lipids function as enzymes

Answer 48

False

Question 49

T/F: Fats are a form of lipid that function to store energy

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Hydrolysis reactions can be reversed by what reaction?

Answer 50

Dehydration synthesis

Question 51

You discover a sample that contains nitrogen. Which class of macromolecules could it be long to?

Answer 51

Protein, nucleic acid

Question 52

This macromolecule makes up steroid hormones:

Answer 52

Lipids

Question 53

This macromolecule provides short term energy storage:

Answer 53

Carbohydrates

Question 54

An example of a(n) monosaccharide:

Answer 54

Glucose

Question 55

An example of a(n) disaccharide:

Answer 55

sucrose

Question 56

An example of a(n) polysaccharide:

Answer 56

Cellulose, chitin, peptidoglycan

Question 57

An example of a(n) fat:

Answer 57

triglyceride, phospholipid

Question 58

An example of a(n) steroid:

Answer 58

cholesterol

Question 59

An example of a(n) protein:

Answer 59

serotonin

Question 60

An example of a(n) enzyme:

Answer 60

catalase

Question 61

An example of a(n) nucleic acid:

Answer 61

RNA

Question 62

The positively charged hydrogen ends of water are attracted to the _______________ charged oxygen ends.

Answer 62

negatively