unit 4

Question 1

chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 1

6C20+H20+light —–> 6O2+ C6H16O6

Question 2

stomata

Answer 2

opening for gas exchange (CO2 in and H2O & O2 out)

Question 3

chloroplast

Answer 3

organelles that capture light energy, has 2 compartments (stroma & thylakoids)

Question 4

stroma

Answer 4

fluid filled space outside the grana

Question 5

thylakoids

Answer 5

sac-like membranes, a stack is called grana

Question 6

pigment

Answer 6

molecules that absorb light and are found in thylakoid membranes

Question 7

chlorophyll

Answer 7

most common pigment in plants, absorbs wavelengths of violet-blue light and reflects green light

Question 8

cellular respiration produces…

Answer 8

CO2, H2O, and about 36~38 ATP

Question 9

chemical equation for cellular respiration

Answer 9

C6H12O6+6O2 —–> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP

Question 10

anaerobic process that follows glycolysis

Answer 10

anaerobic respiration or fermentation

Question 11

two types of fermentation

Answer 11

lactic acid and alcohol

Question 12

how many atp from glycolysis?

Answer 12

2 ATP

Question 13

how many atp from krebs cycle?

Answer 13

2 ATP

Question 14

how many atp from electron transport chain?

Answer 14

32~34 ATP

Question 15

three main stages of cellular respiration

Answer 15

glycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain

Question 16

aerobic

Answer 16

with oxygen

Question 17

anaerobic

Answer 17

without oxygen

Question 18

photosynthesis

Answer 18

converting light energy from into chemical energy stored in sugar

Question 19

glycolysis location

Answer 19

cytoplasm

Question 20

glycosis does it need oxygen

Answer 20

no

Question 21

krebs cycle does it need oxygen

Answer 21

no

Question 22

electron transport chain does it need oxygen

Answer 22

no

Question 23

krebs cycle location

Answer 23

matrix

Question 24

electron transport chain location

Answer 24

across inner membrane

Question 25

another word for respiration

Answer 25

fermentation

Question 26

where does respiration occur

Answer 26

cytoplasm

Question 27

who can go through respiraation

Answer 27

eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Question 28

when does respiration occur

Answer 28

when oxygen is unavailable, cells cannot follow glycolysis, etc.

Question 29

lactid acid fermentation

Answer 29

occurs in animals, converts pyruvate into lactic acid, ex: yogurt and cheese

Question 30

alcohol fermentation

Answer 30

occurs in yeast and some bacteria, converts pyruvate into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide, ex: winemaking and baking

Question 31

what does aerobic and anaerobic respiration have in common

Answer 31

both use glycolysis, respiration produces 32-38 ATP per glucose, fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose

Question 32

energy

Answer 32

ability to do work

Question 33

thermodynamics

Answer 33

study of how energy flows and changes in the universe

Question 34

where does most energy for life come from

Answer 34

the Sun

Question 35

catabolic pathways

Answer 35

breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules, energy released

Question 36

anabolic pathways

Answer 36

building larger molecules from small molecules, energy used

Question 37

what does ATP stand for

Answer 37

adenosine triphosphate

Question 38

the most abundant energy carrier in cells

Answer 38

ATP

Question 39

what is an ATP molecule made of

Answer 39

adenine base, ribose sugar, phosphate groups

Question 40

when does atp release energy

Answer 40

when the bond between the second and third phosphate groups is broken

Question 41

what happens when one phosphate group splits off

Answer 41

it transforms into ADP and a free phosphate group

Question 42

what does ADP stand for

Answer 42

adenosine diphosphate

Question 42

what does ADP stand for

Answer 42

adenosine diphosphate

Question 43

chemical equation for ATP

Answer 43

ATP+H2O ->