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Psychology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

An inborn 24-hour biological clock

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2
Q

Consciousness

A

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

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3
Q

Stage 1

A

Very brief
Alpha waves
Awake, but very relaxed
Breathing is slow

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4
Q

Stage 2

A

About 20 minutes

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5
Q

Sleep spindles

A

Appear as very rapid, close flickers when graphed by an EEG

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6
Q

K-complex

A

Distinctly large and lazy flicker on the graph

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7
Q

Stage 3

A

Transitional stage

Delta waves

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8
Q

Stage 4

A

About 30 minutes
Deep sleep
More delta waves than stage 3

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9
Q

REM sleep

A 
About 10 minutes
Occurs about every 90 minutes
Brain is the most active
brain waves like being awake
Pulse increases
Rapid breathing
Brain blocks messages to the motor cortex
Brings on dreams
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10
Q

Sleep theory

Protects

A

Safer at night while asleep

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11
Q

Sleep theory

Helps us recuperate

A

Sleep helps cleanse free radicals from our brains by giving neurons a time to rest

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12
Q

Sleep theory

Makes for memories

A

Enables our brain to sort things into their proper spots

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13
Q

Sleep theory

Can fuel creativity

A

Ideas come while asleep or dreaming

Many great ideas come just after a good night’s sleep

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14
Q

Sleep theory

Helps with growth

A

The pituitary gland secretes a growth hormone while sleeping

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15
Q

Free radicals

A

Toxins created from brain activity

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16
Q

Insomnia

A

Persistent inability to sleep or to fall asleep

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17
Q

Narcolepsy

A

When the person simply falls asleep suddenly

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18
Q

Sleep apnea

A

The person stops breathing at night, awakens, then breathes again

19
Q

Night terrors

A

Pulse and breathing may double

The person may seem terrified

20
Q

Manifest content

A

What we experience in our dreams

21
Q

Latent content

A

Our subconscious drives would be problematic if acted out in real life

22
Q

Posthypnotic suggestion

A

Trying to get a person to respond after hypnosis

23
Q

Can hypnosis be therapeutic?

A

Yes

24
Q

Can hypnosis reduce pain?

A

Yes

25
Q

Can hypnosis force you do something you don’t want to do?

A

No

26
Q

Can anyone experience hypnosis?

A

Most people can to some degree

About 20% are highly suggestible

27
Q

Social influence theory

A

Person being hypnotized is playing the role of a hypnotized person

28
Q

Divided consciousness theory

A

Centers on the concept of dissociation

29
Q

Dissociation

A

We have split layers of consciousness

30
Q

Tolerance

A

A larger dose is required to get the same effect from a drug

31
Q

Withdrawal

A

Physical pain and strong cravings

32
Q

Addiction

A

a compulsive craving despite consequences to use. Physical symptoms often accompany an addiction

33
Q

Depressants

A

slow down the body
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Opiates

34
Q

Alcohol

A 
lowers inhibitions
slows processing speed
disrupts memory and impairs judgment
impacted by the person’s expectations
correlates with risky sex
cuts self-awareness and self-control
35
Q

Barbiturates

A

cause impaired memory, judgment, or death

36
Q

Opiates

A

Creates sluggishness
Morphine
Codeine
Heroin

37
Q

Inhibition

A

Common sense

38
Q

Stimulants

A 
Speeds up the body
Methamphetamine
Caffeine
Nicotine
Cocaine
MDMA 
Hallucinogens
39
Q

MDMA

A

Ecstacy
Both a stimulant and a mild hallucinogen
Serotonin production can be permanently damaged
Release of dopamine
Releases serotonin and blocks its reuptake

40
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Create perception without sensory input
LSD
Marijuana

41
Q

Methamphetamine

A

Highly addictive and very dangerous
Release of dopamine,
Can permanently drop your natural dopamine levels

42
Q

Caffeine

A

World’s most common psychoactive drug
Lasts about 3-4 hours
Withdrawal symptoms of fatigue and headaches

43
Q

Nicotine

A

As addictive as heroin or cocaine
Triggers epinephrine and norepinephrine
Withdrawal includes cravings, insomnia, anxiety, and crankiness

44
Q

Cocaine

A

Produces a fast (but short) high
Followed by depression.
Rush of dopamine, serotonin, and epinephrine
Reuptake is blocked by the cocaine

Psychology (18 decks)

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