Unit 5: Learning Flashcards
(55 cards)
Learning
Acquiring new information/behaviors
Habituates
Decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure
Associative Learning
Learning that two events (or more) occur together
Stimulus
Event that evokes a response
Cognitive Learning
Learning gained by language, observed behavior, or etc
Classical conditioning
Learn to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
Behaviorism
Psychology is an objective science and should take place without referring to the mental processes
Neutral stimuli (NS)
Stimuli that elicit no response
Unconditioned response (UR)
Unlearned response to an unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus (US)
Stimulus that unconditionally triggers a response
Conditioned response (CR)
Learned response to a stimulus
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
A NS that, through association with a US, becomes something that triggers a CR
Acquisition
When you link a NS with a US
Higher-order conditioning
AKA second-order conditioning - CS is paired with new NS, creating a new CR
Extinction
CR starts disappearing when the US doesn’t follow the CS
Spontaneous recovery
Reappearance (after a delay) of an extinguished CR
Generalization
When CR is in place, a similar stimuli to trigger it
Discrimination
Ability to distinguish between CS’s and stimuli that don’t signal an US
Operant conditioning
Type of conditioning achieved through rewards and punishments
Law of effect
Rewarded behaviors will appear more often than punished behaviors
Operant chamber
Box that contained a key that an animal could manipulate to obtain a food or H2O reinforcer
Reinforcement
Event that strengthens a behavior
Shaping
Process of guiding actions toward desired behavior
Discriminative Stimulus
Stimulus that causes a response after the association with reinforcement
