Unit 5 Vocab Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
Health Psychologist
A
study health, illness, stress
2
Q
Stressors
A
stimulus that activates the fight or flight response (adrenaline)
3
Q
Physiological issues of stress
A
leads to high blood pressure, headache, and immune support
4
Q
Eustress
A
positive/ motivation
5
Q
Distress
A
Negative/ distress
6
Q
Catastrophes
A
major traumatic event
7
Q
Significant Life Changes
A
major life events
8
Q
Daily Hassles
A
Everyday stressers
9
Q
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)
A
affect lifespan
10
Q
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
A
Adapting to the environment in all ways to survive
11
Q
Alarm
A
fight, flight, freeze response
12
Q
Resistance
A
Arousal remains, try and cope
13
Q
Exhaustion
A
resources are depleted, fatigue, burnout, and decreased immunity
14
Q
Fight-flight-freeze response
A
stress response to leave or defend
15
Q
Tend-and-befriend theory
A
people come together for protection
16
Q
Problem-focused coping
A
control or replace the negative emotional response
17
Q
Positive Psychology
A
Factors that lead to wellbeing and resilience
18
Q
Gratitude
A
recognizing and appreciating the positive aspects of life and the kindness of others
19
Q
Wisdom
A
creativity, curiosity, love learning, open-mindedness
20
Q
courage
A
bravery, persistence, integrity
21
Q
Humanity
A
interpersonal relationships, empathy, kindness
22
Q
Justice
A
fairness, leadership, teamwork, citizenship
23
Q
Temperance
A
self-regulation, moderation, humility
24
Q
Transcendence
A
gratitude, spirituality, hope, humor, appreciation of beauty/excillence
25
Posttraumatic growth
Positive psychological changes that can emerge from trauma
26
Factors identifying psychological disorders
disruption in everyday life
27
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V)
American Psychiatric Association, 22 categories. Only identifies symptoms, not causes or treatements
28
International Classification of Mental Disorders (ICD)
World Health organization
29
Eclectic approach
more than 1 approach
30
Behavioral
the result of learned behaviors rather than inherent traits
31
Psychodynamic
unconscious conflicts, early childhood
32
Humanistic
disconnect between real and ideeal self
33
Cognitive
dysfunctional thought patterns, belief, and process
34
Evolutionary
Traits that were once beneficial in ancestral environments
35
Sociocultural
societal and cultural influences
36
Biological
biological factors and genetics
37
Biopsychosocial
Biological, Psychological, Social
38
Diathesis-stess model
genetics and environment
39
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
conception to adolescents
40
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Ongoing problems with paying attention and impulsive behavior, males are more likely than females to be diagnosed
41
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Repeated behavior, challenges with social communication, heightened sensitive to sensory input. Mild to severe
42
Possible causes for ADHD
hereditary, teratogens
43
Possible causes for Autism
teratogens, moms viral infection, older parental age (dad)
44
Schizophrenic spectrum disorder
psychosis
45
Delusions (Schizophrenia)
fals beliefs
46
Hallucinations (Schizophrenia)
False perceptions of any sense, not just sight
47
Word salad (Schizophrenia)
non sensical jumble of words
48
Catatonia (Schizophrenia)
excited but unusual movements
49
Stupor (Schizophrenia)
strange positions or keeping still for long periods of time
50
Flat affect (Schizophrenia)
diminished or inappropriate emotional expressions
51
Positive symptoms
change in behavior
52
Negative symptoms
withdraw from the world, no interest
53
Possible causes for Schizophrenia
genetics, prenatal/obstetric complication
54
Prenatal virus exposure
mom was sick with virus during pregnancy
55
Dopamine hypothesis
Mom had too much dopamine while pregnant which caused mental illness in child
56
Depressive disorders
feeling of sadness, emptiness, fatigue, irritability
57
Major depressive disorder
usually environment triggered, tired, depressed
58
Persistent depressive disorder
lasts for at least 2 years, no suicidal thoughts
59
Possible causes for Major depressive disorder and Persistent depressive disorder
low serotonin and norepinephrine, genetics, cultural, and cognitive traits
60
Bipolar disorders
swings between depression and excitement
61
Bipolar l
episodes of depression and mania
62
Bipolar ll
episodes of depression and hypomania
63
Possible causes for Bipolar l and ll
imbalance of serotonin and norepinephrine, genetics, and stress
64
Anxiety disorders
Persistent thoughts of dread or fear and impending doom
65
Specific phobia
irrational, debilitating fear of a specific object or situation
66
Acrophobia
Fear of heights
67
Arachnophobia
Fear of spiders
68
Agoraphobia
fear of open, crowded, or enclosed spaces/fear of being outside the safety of home
69
Panic disorder
acute (sudden and intense) feeling of anxiety or fear
70
ataque de nervios
culturally based panic attack associated with people of Caribbean or Iberian descent, Puerto Ricans
71
Social Anxiety disorder
Intense fear of being judged or watched by others
72
Taijin kyofusho
Social anxiety in Japan and Korea. Offending or displeasing
73
Generalized anxiety disorder
Prolonged feelings (6 months) of unspecified worry or unease. Constant feeling of dread
74
Possible causes for anxiety
learned associations, cognitive distortions, genetics, low serotonin, and dopamine
75
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (Multiple)
thoughts that cause distress that lead to behavior
76
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
obsessions-thoughts
Compulsions- behaviors
77
Hoarding disorder
Accumulates an excessive amount of things and stores them in a disorganized manner
78
Dissociative disorders
feelings of disconnection
79
Dissociative amnesia
can't remember past
80
Fugue
Unexpected travel, can't remember who they are, may create a new identity
81
Dissociative identity disorder
multiple personalities, usually forgets when personalities take over
82
Possible causes for Dissociative disorders
severe psychological trauma
83
Trauma and Stressor-related disorders
exposure to overwhelming traumatic events
84
Posttraumatic stress disorder
"Shell shock" uncontrolled flashbacks
85
Possible causes for PTSD
exposure to traumatic event
86
Feeding and eating disorders
change in consumption of food that is harmful
87
Anorexia nervosa
intense fear of gaining weight
88
Bulimia nervosa
binge eating, purging
89
Possible causes for eating disorders
Disruption in hypothalamus, genetics, cultural norms, distorted views of body image
90
Cluster A
odd/eccentric
91
Disorders in Cluster A
paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypical
92
Cluster B****
Dramatic, emotional, eratic
93
Disorders in Cluster B
anti-social, historionic, narcissistic, and borderline
94
Cluster C
anxious or fearful
95
Disorder in cluster C
avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive
96
Possible causes for personality disorders
genetics, adverse childhood experiences
97
Personality disorders
Cluster A, B, and C
98
Decentralized therapy
Outside of the hospital, psychologists face ethical problems
99
Nonmaleficence
No harm (ethical principles)
100
Integrity
Honesty (ethical principles)
101
Respect for people rights
cultural differences (ethical principles)
102
Free association
talk about what comes to mind, no matter what
103
Dream interpretation
Analyze dreams (hidden meaning of the unconscious mind)
104
Cognitive restructuring
Changing a maladaptive belief with a more balanced/rational one
105
Fear hierarchies
ranking fears, no exposure
106
Cognitive traid
three negative interrelated thoughts (self, world, future)
107
Exposure therapies
confront and reduce fear/anxiety
108
systematic desensitization
move through hierarchy when relaxed one level at a time
109
Aversion therapies
Unwanted behavior is associated with unpleasant stimulus (operant conditioning-punishment)
110
Token economies
exchange tokens for rewards (positive grounding)
111
Biofeedback
understand body physiological responses, change
112
Dialectical behavior therapy
Focus on skills to manage emotions, improve relationships, and cope with situations
113
Rational-emotive behavior therapy
Identify irrational thoughts, change the behavior
114
Person-centered therapy
therapist does not give advice or interpret meaning, focus on holes of leading client to gain insight
115
Group therapt
small group, shows you're not alone, cheaper, interpersonal
116
Individual therapy
one-on-one, uncomfortable
117
Hypnosis
suggestibility, effective against pain and anxiety, open to suggestion
118
Antidepressants
Increase serotonin
SSRI = agonists for serotonin
Reuptake - neurotransmitter recycles back into the neuron that fired it
119
Antianxiety
depress CNS, increase GABA
120
Lithium
Bipolar
121
Antipsychotic
Reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia
122
Tardive dyskinesia
uncontrolled body movement, Parkinson-like
123
Lesioning
damaging or removing parts of brain (split brain)
124
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
magnetic pulse seems to grow neurons that reduce depression
125
Electronconvulsive therapy
Electric shock causes seizures (a severe cause of depression)
126
Loboty
Schizophrenia, through the eyes of the severe frontal lobe
