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Kinesiology > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Heart Function

A

Delivery of O2, fuel, and nutrients to the tissues of the body
Removal of CO2 and waste products from the tissues
Maintenance of a constant body temperature (thermoregulation)
Prevention of infection (immune function)
Pumps blood to the body

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2
Q

Right Heart

A

pumps deoxygenated blood (darker red and often depicted as blue) from the body to the lungs (pulmonary circulation)

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3
Q

Left Heart

A

delivers oxygenated blood (bright red) from the lungs to the rest of the body (systemic circulation)

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4
Q

Lung Functions

A

Supply O2 to blood
Remove CO2 from blood
Regulate blood pH (acid-base balance)

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5
Q

Pathway of blood through the heart

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava, Right atrium, Tricuspid Valve,
Right ventricle, Pulmonary Semilunar Valve, Pulmonary Artery, Lungs,
Pulmonary viens, Left Atrium, Bicuspid valve, Left ventricle,
Aortic Semilunar Valve, Aorta,
Arteries, Arteriols, Capillares,
Venules, Veins,

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6
Q

Pathway of electrical signals through the heart

A

It starters in the SA node. Which is also the pacemaker. If it breaks down then the AV node takes over. The AV node connects the electrical pathways between the atria and the ventricles. The bundle of HIS Transmits the electrical current from the AV node to the Bundle. The perkinji fibers which is what makes the muscle contract.

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7
Q

Pathway of oxygen entering the body

A

Nose and Mouth, Pharynx, Epiglottis
Larynx, Trachea, Primary Bronchi,
Secondary and Tertiary Bronchi,
Respitory Brochi, Alveolar Ducts,
Alveoli, Blood Tissues

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8
Q

The cardiovascular system is composed of?

A

the heart, Blood vessels, and blood

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9
Q

Deoxygenated blood

A

pumped from the body to the lungs in pulmonary circulation

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10
Q

T or F cells of the cardiac muscle are interconnected and allow the passage of electrical signals

A

true

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11
Q

Blood is supplied to the heart through?

A

Right and Left coronary artery

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12
Q

Cardiac Cycle

A

a series of events that occur through one heartbeat

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13
Q

Diastolic

A

the pressure observed in the arteries during the relaxation of the heart

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14
Q

circulatory system

A

The network of vessels that transport fluid throughout the body

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15
Q

skeletal-muscle pump

A

the phenomenon where, with each contraction of a skeletal muscle, blood is pushed back to the heart

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16
Q

heart rate

A

The number of times the heart contracts in one minute

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17
Q

bradycardia

A

A decrease in heart rate at rest and during sub-maximal exercise

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18
Q

The conducting zone

A

compromises all of the structures that convey air outside the body to the lungs

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19
Q

The respiratory zone is composed of

A

alveolar sacs, the Bronchioles, and the alveolar ducts

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20
Q

diaphragm

A

Separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity

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21
Q

Tidal lung volumes are determined by

A

the actual structure of the lung

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22
Q

Gas exchange is mediated by both

A

lung and blood tissue

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23
Q

Henrys law

A

The amount of gas that will dissolve into a liquid is proportional to the parietal pressure and the solubility of the gas

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24
Q

How is blood Ph measured

A

how acidic or basic blood is

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25
Q

a-vo2 difference

A

refers to the difference b/w the amount of O2 in arteries and veins

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26
Q

Oxygen deficet

A

represents the difference b/w the O2 required to perform a task and that O2 consumed prior to reaching a new steady state

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27
Q

Lisy 5 ways the Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems adapt/change due to endurance training.

A

Lower overall heart rate, Increased heart and blood volume, Stroke volume at rest, Taking less breaths, The body is able to use oxygen more efficiently

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28
Q

Oxygenated Blood

A

from lungs to heart, red in colour

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29
Q

Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)

A

Pacemaker

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30
Q

Bundle of HIS

A

Atrioventricular bundle

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31
Q

electrocardiogram

A

measurement of electrical activity in the heart

32
Q

vessels of one cell thickness

A

capillaries

33
Q

Coranory viens are formed from

A

formed by coronary venules

34
Q

Erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

35
Q

Protein that binds O2 and CO2

A

hemoglobin

36
Q

Leukocytes

A

white blood cells

37
Q

hypertension

A

elevated blood pressure

38
Q

Whatis internal respiration

A

exchange of gases at the tissue level

39
Q

ventilation

A

inspiration and expiration

40
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air in each breath

41
Q

stem respiratory control center

A

located in the brain

42
Q

whatareDynamic lung volumes dependant on

A

dependant on the volume and flow of air

43
Q

Vo2 max

A

maximal rate of oxygen consuption

44
Q

respiratory exchange ratio

A

ratio b/w expiration of CO2 and inspiration of O2

45
Q

Ventilator threashold

A

ventilation increases much more than the workload

46
Q

EPOC

A

recovery oxygen uptake,

EXCESS POST EXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION

47
Q

Explain the pathway of Electrical Conduction System of the heart

A

It starters in the SA node. Which is also the pacemaker. If it breaks down then the AV node takes over. The AV node connects the electrical pathways between the atria and the ventricles. The bundle of HIS Transmits the electrical current from the AV node to the Bundle. The perkinji fibers which is what makes the muscle contract.

48
Q

Compare and Contrast Arteries and Viens

A

Both carry blood in the body. Arteries are thick-walled vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. Viens are thin-walled vessels that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart.

49
Q

Bradycardia vs Tachycardia

A

Both are heart rates. Bradycardia is when the heart rate is decreased at rest and during sub-maximal exercise. Tachycardia is when the heart rate is over 100 beats per minute at rest

50
Q

Systolic vs Diastolic Pressure

A

Both are types of blood pressure. Systolic is the maximal pressure in the arteries during the contraction phase of the left ventricle. Diastolic is the minimal pressure in the arteries during the relaxation phase of the left ventricle.

50
Q

External vs Internal Respiration

A

Both are involved in gas exchange. Internal respiration is gas exchange between the tissues in the body. External respiration is the gas exchange between the tissues in the lungs.

51
Q

Hypertension

A

measured using a cuff on your arm

52
Q

Valves

A

prevent backflow of blood in the heart and veins

53
Q

Purkinje Fibers

A

Responsible for contraction of the ventricles

54
Q

ECG

A

Measures the electrical activity in the heart

55
Q

Plasma

A

Makes up 55% of blood volume

56
Q

OBLA

A

With training can be delayed in individual

ONSET BLOOD LACTATE ACCUMULATION

57
Q

Tidal Volume

A

amount of air in each breath

58
Q

ventilation equation

A

The amount of air in each breath x the # of breaths per minute

59
Q

a-vo2 difference

A

The change in the amount of O2 in the Arteriole and Venule/arteries and veins

60
Q

The smallest vessels in the cardiovascular system responsible for the exchange of gases are

A

capillaries

61
Q

what remains unaffected with respect to blood distribution during exercise

A

digestive system

62
Q

The lung capillaries receive _____ blood from the Pulmonary Arteries

A

deoxygenated

63
Q

Cardiac output is equal to (equation)

A

Heart rate x Stroke Volume

64
Q

where is the bicuspid valve located

A

left atrium and left ventricle

65
Q

The part of the Red Blood Cells that helps in the transport of O2 and CO2 is the

A

hemoglobin

66
Q

What structure prevents the cuspid valves from being forced back into the atria

A

Cordae Tendonae

67
Q

what blood vessels drains the legs and lower body

A

Inferior vena cava

68
Q

hoe is CO2 transported in the blood

A

Bound to the hemoglobin molecule to form carbominohemoglobin

69
Q

The difference between oxygen required to do a task and Oxygen actually consumed

A

O2 deficit

70
Q

Where does gas exchange occur

A

Capillaries

71
Q

What carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs

A

pulmonary artery

72
Q

WHats the largest artery

A

Aerota

73
Q

Oxygen deficit acronym

A

Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption

74
Q

Lactic Acid Acronym

A

Onset Blood Lactate Accumulation

75
Q

How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

A

Bicarbonate System

Kinesiology (7 decks)

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