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Kin 165 - Motor Development > Unit 7 > Flashcards

Unit 7 Flashcards

(41 cards)

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1
Q

What is an infant reflex

A

An involuntary subcortical steretypical response to a stimulus

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2
Q

Subcortical is

A

below the level of the higher brain centers

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3
Q

Stereotypical is

A

patterned

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4
Q

When do most infant reflexes occur

A

First 4 months after birth

and

Last 4 months of prenatal life

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5
Q

Infant reflexes dont go beyond a

A

first year

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6
Q

Lifespan reflexes are

two examples are

A

enduring reflexes such as:

Knee jerk reflex
Flexor withdrawal reflex

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7
Q

Why are infant reflexes important (3)

A

Survival
Foundation for future movement
Used for Diagnosis

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8
Q

What are the two categories of infant reflexes

A

Postural

Primitive

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9
Q

What do postural reflexes do

A

Provide automatic movement that is practice for future voluntary movement - e.g. walking reflex

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10
Q

What happens to postural reflexes over time

A

disappear due to voluntary behaviour surfacing

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11
Q

What is the future voluntary movement that is seen in the infant reflex of Crawling

A

Crawling

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12
Q

What is the future voluntary movement that is seen in the infant reflex of Labyrinthine

A

Upright posture

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13
Q

What is the future voluntary movement that is seen in the infant reflex of Palmar grasp

A

Grasping

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14
Q

What is the future voluntary movement that is seen in the infant reflex of Stepping

A

Walking

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15
Q

What are Primitive reflexes

A

Aid in survival via protection and nourishment

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16
Q

What reflexes are used as diagnostic tools

A

Moro reflex

Asymmetric tonic neck reflex

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17
Q

What is the Milani Comparetti NeuromotorDevelopment Examination

Study These Flashcards
A

A test to measure several infant reflexes from birth to 2 years

18
Q

What is the primitive reflex of palmar grasp reflex (3)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. One of the most noticeable reflex
  2. Endures through 4 months
  3. Leads to voluntary reaching + grasping
19
Q

What is the primitive reflex of sucking reflex (2)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Occurs pre and post natally

2. Stimulated by touching the lips

20
Q

What is the primitive reflex of search reflex (3)

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A
  1. Helps baby locate nourishment
  2. Baby turns head towards food
  3. Contributes to head and body righting reflexes
21
Q

What is the primitive reflex of Moro (3)

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A
  1. Same stimuli as the startle reflex
  2. Precedes the startle reflex and causes the arms and legs to extend immediately rather than flex
  3. Disappears 4-6 months
22
Q

What is the startle reflex (4)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Similar to Moro reflex
  2. May not appear until 2-3 months after Moro disappears
  3. Caused by a rapid change of head position or by striking the surface that supports the baby
  4. causes the arms and legs to flex immediately
23
Q

What is the primitive reflex of Asymmetric tonic neck reflex (2)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Causes flexion on one side and extension on the other

2. Not always seen in newborn

24
Q

What is the primitive reflex of Symmetric tonic neck reflex

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Limbs respond symmetrically

2. Its persistence may impede other motor milestones

25
What happens if you tip the baby forward as they are seated during the symmetric tonic neck reflex (3)
Neck flexes Arms flex Legs Extend
26
What happens if you tip the baby backward as they are seated during the symmetric tonic neck reflex (3)
Neck extends Arms extend Legs flex
27
What is the primitive reflex of Plantar grasp reflex (3)
1. Toes grasp 2. Stimulus is touching the ball of foot 3. Must disappear before the baby can stand or walk
28
What is the primitive reflex of Babinski reflex (2)
1. Stimulus similar to plantar grasp | 2. Test of the pyramidal tract activity for later movement
29
What is the primitive reflex of Palmar mandibular reflex (Babkin reflex) (4)
1. Eyes close 2. Mouth opens 3. Head tilts forward 4. Stimulus is pressure to both palms
30
What is the primitive reflex of Palmer mental reflex (2)
1. Facial response when the base of the palm is scratched | 2. Lower jaw opens and closes
31
What are all of the primitive reflexes (11)
1. Palmer grasp 2. Sucking 3. Search 4. Moro 5. Startle 6. Asymmetric tonic neck 7. Symmetric tonic neck 8. Plantar grasp 9. Babinski 10. Palmar mandibular 11. Palmar mental
32
What are the postural reflexes (7)
1. Stepping 2. Crawling 3. Swimming 4. Head and body Righting 5. Parachuting 6. Labyrinthine 7. Pull up
33
What is the postural reflex of Crawling (2)
1. Essential to voluntary creeping | 2. Observed from birth to 3-4 months
34
What is the postural reflex of Swimming (2)
1. Swimming-like movements when held in a horizontal position 2. Somewhat controversial
35
What is the postural reflex of Head and Body righting reflex (3)
1. Head “rights” itself with the body when the body is turned to one side 2. Precursor to rolling movements 3. Body righting may not be evident before month 5
36
What is the postural reflex of Parachuting reflex (2)
1. Propping 2. Related to upright posture 3. This reflex appears to be a “conscious” attempt to break a fall
37
What is the postural reflex of Ladyrinthine reflex (3)
1. Endures throughout most of the first year 2. Related to upright posture 3. Head tilts in the opposite direction of body tilt
38
What is the postural reflex of Pull up reflex
When the baby is tipped back, the arms flex to maintain the upright position
39
What are the characteristics of stereotypies (7)
1. Observable during infancy 2. Patterened 3. Stereotyped 4. Intrinsic 5. Involuntary movements of the body 6. Rhythmical 7. Believed to precede more complex voluntary movements
40
Who "coined" stereotypies
Esther Thelen
41
She grouped stereotypies into what body regions (5)
1. Legs and Feet 2. Hands and Arms 3. Fingers 4. Torso 5. Head and face

Kin 165 - Motor Development (15 decks)

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