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AP Psychology > Unit 7 Personality > Flashcards

Unit 7 Personality Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Free association

A

Therapy technique that involves patients expressing thoughts and feelings without censorship, allowing access to unconscious material and deeper self-understanding

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2
Q

personality definition

A

a perosn’s charateristic patter of thinking, feeling, and acting

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3
Q

Psychodynamic

A

a psychological perspective that emphasizes the role of unconscious forces in shaping personality and behavior
Id, Ego, and Superego

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4
Q

unconcious

A

unacceptable wishes, thoughts, feelings and memories
drives us

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5
Q

consciousness

A

things we are aware of

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6
Q

preconsciousness

A

things we can be aware of when we thing of tem

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7
Q

Ego

A

rational side of persoanlity that directs and control instincts to guide decisions
reality principle

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8
Q

Id

A

Exists in the unconscious
Works on the pleasure principle (avoid pain and receive instant gratification)
“Devil on the shoulder”
Hidden true wants and desires

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9
Q

reality principle

A

meets the demands of Id in realistic ways

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10
Q

superego

A

consciousness
focus on how we ought to behave (morals)
angel on the shoulder
last to develop

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11
Q

defense mechanisms

A

the egos protective methods of recuing anxiety by unconsciosly distoring reality

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12
Q

Repression

A

he unconscious blocking of unpleasant emotions, impulses, memories, and thoughts
ie cant rememeber childhood abuse

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13
Q

Denial

A

ignoring the reality of a situation to avoid the uncomfortable feelings associated with it
“i can quit anytime”

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14
Q

Reaction formation

A

behaving in a way that is the opposite of one’s true feelings and impulses
ie boy bullying girl bc hes attacted to her

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15
Q

Sublimation

A

channelling unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or behaviors into those that are socially or personally acceptable
ie someone with anger issues chanelling their anger into sports

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16
Q

Regression

A

retreating to an earlier stage of development in response to stress or anxiety
ie driver stuck in traffic throws a tantrum

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17
Q

Projection

A

attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses to someone else
ie accusing your partner of cheating when youve been unfaithful

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18
Q

Intellectualization

A

focusing on abstract thoughts and logic to avoid dealing with uncomfortable emotions
ie man who lost his wife may focus his energy on the funeral instead of gried

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19
Q

Rationalization

A

creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behaviors or thoughts
ie student rejected from dream school says they didnt want to go there anyways

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20
Q

Displacement

A

redirecting negative emotions or implies form its original source to a less threatening recipient
ie angry at boss but hits wife instead

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21
Q

main principles of humanistic personality

A

doesnt believe in determinism
free will- childhood doesnt define uou
people are innately good
as long as self image and self esteem are postive, one will be happy

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22
Q

Self actualization:

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A

We try to reach this state by fulfilling our best version or potential of us
Top of hierarchy of needs

23
Q

hiearchy of needs

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A

self actualization
esteem
belonging
safety
psyiological

24
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard

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A

Acceptance of people as they are, not how you expect or want them to be

25
person-centered perspective
inconditional positive regard
26
projective tests
clinal studies evaluated by a liscenced professional subjects are shwn ambigious images and asked to interpret them TAT and inkblot
27
Thematic appreciation test (TAT)
projective test in which peopl eexpress their inner feelings, emotions, and interests through the stories they make up about random scenes
28
Rorschech inkblot test
projective test uses a set of 10 inkblots idetify peeps inner feelings by analuzing their inrepretation of the blots 1st used to identify schizophrenia
29
trait persepective
define personality in terms of stable and enduring behavior patterns myers-brings and big five ie honest, moody, dependanle, ect
30
The Big 5 factors
trait research that assesses 5 traits Openness Conscientious Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
31
Openness
reflects an individual's curiosity, imagination, and appreciation for new experiences and ideas. High: curiosity, original, intellectual, imaginative, appreciation for new ideas Low: practical and conventional
32
Conscientious
encompasses traits like organization, responsibility, and diligence High: organized, systematic, efficient, reliable, goal-orientated, responsible Low: flexible and spontaneous
33
Extraversion
refers to an individual's sociability, assertiveness, and need for social interaction High: outgoing, talkative, energetic, sociable, assertive Low: reserved and independent
34
Agreeableness
reflects an individual's tendency to be cooperative, compassionate, and trusting. High: tolerant, trusting, kind, cooperative, compassionate Low: skeptical and assertive
35
Neuroticism
reflects an individual's emotional stability and tendency to experience negative emotions like anxiety, worry, and sadness High: anxious, irritable, moody Low: emotionally stable and reliant
36
motivation definition
a need or desire that enerfizes and directs behavior product of biologu and experience
37
instinct
an unlearened or innate response to help as survive
38
Drive reduction theory
physiological needs drive us to satisfy these needs (ie hungry = eat) homeostasis
39
homeostatsis
a stady, balanced, internal state
40
Arousal theory
motivated by a need to experience an ideal level of arousal (ie end boredom) yerkes-dodson law
41
yerkes-dodson law
moderate arousal leads to optimal performance
42
Incentive theory
being driven to perform a behavior because of some pay off
43
intrinsic incentives
internal need for achievement (i do it bc i enjoy it)
44
extrinsic incentive
external reinforcement ( i do it for a reward)
45
Locus of control
the extent to which people feel they have control over the events that influence their lives influences motivation
46
internal locus of control
believe you control what happens in life responsible for actions self efficacy
47
Self efficacy
belief in your ability to complete a task
48
external locus of control
believe you have no control and external vaiables are to blame (luck or chance) learned helplessness
49
learned helplessness
belief you are powerless to change your situation
50
emotion definiton
an immediate or nefativ eresponse to stimuli in the enviro that influences thought and behavtior
51
James-Lange Theory
emotions are a result of our interpretation of physiological reactions to stimuli, rather than the other way around arousal before emions amygdala, spinal cord, briain
52
cannon-bard theory
physiological responses and emotions occur simultaneosuly and independently triggered by thalamus ie jumpscares
53
2 factor theory
emotions result from a combo of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal

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