Unit 5 Learning

Question 1

learning

Answer 1

relative change of behavior or mental processes
acquisition of knowledge

Question 2

behaviorism

Answer 2

studies only observable behvaior and their changes
focus on how the enriconment affects behavior, not emotions or cognition

Question 3

classical conditioing

Answer 3

the type of learning in which a response naturally elcitied by 1 stimulus becomes to be elicited by a different, formally neutral stimulus
pavlov and watson

Question 4

operant conditiojing

Answer 4

voluntayr behaviors are emitted to earn rewards or avoid punishmebts
bf skinner

Question 5

social/observational learning

Answer 5

behaviors are learned by observing a model
albert bandura

Question 6

associaiotn

Answer 6

learn to connect 2 previosly unconnected elements

Question 7

contigency

Answer 7

understanding cause and effect

Question 8

classical conditioning formula

Answer 8

UCS
UCR
CS
CR

Question 9

UCS

Answer 9

unconditione stimulus
a stimulus that automatically triggers a response

Question 10

UCR

Answer 10

unconditioned response
a response that is automarically triggered by uCS

Question 11

neutral stimulus

Answer 11

a stimulus a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning

Question 12

CS

Answer 12

conditioned stimulus
an originally neitral stimulus now triggers an automatic response

Question 13

CR

Answer 13

conditioned response
a learned, automatic response to the once neutral, but now conditioned stimulus

Question 14

extinction

Answer 14

a decrease in the strength or frequency of s learned response bc of no longer paringing the UCS and CS
used in therapy to treat certain phobias

Question 14

stimulus generaliation

Answer 14

the transfer of a learned reponse to a different stimulus
learned in adcertising

Question 14

stimulus discrimination

Answer 14

learni g to respond to only one stimuus and have no reponse to all other stimuli

Question 14

spontaneous revoery

Answer 14

reappearance of an extinguisehed response after the passage of time w/out further conditioning

Question 15

avpodance conditionng

Answer 15

when an prganism avoids a stimulus that causes anxiety and this never experiences extinciton of the anxiety
perpetuates phobia

Question 16

operant conditioing

Answer 16

when a behavior is learned as a result of the rewards or punishments associated with that behavior
voluntary

Question 17

reinforer/reinforcement

Answer 17

a stimulus or event that follows a behaviro and makes that behavir more likely in the future

Question 18

positive reinforcement

Answer 18

a response is strengthened by the presentation of a rewarding stimulu
adding

Question 19

negative reinformcent

Answer 19

a response is strenghtened by the removal of an unpleasant stimulus
subtracting

Question 20

punisher/punishment

Answer 20

a stimulus or event that follows a behavior and makes that behavior less likely in the future

Question 21

positive punishment

Answer 21

adding smth tp the sitattion to deccrease a bahevior

Question 22

negative punishment

Answer 22

taking away smth of value to decrease behavior less likely to heppen in the future

Question 23

law of effect

Answer 23

ation that are followed by reinformcent will be strengthened and more likely to occur in the future

Question 24

reinforcement schedules

Answer 24

a pattern that specifies how often a desired response will be reinforeced defined in terms of time and/or number of reponses in orded to present/remove a punisher/behavior

Question 25

continous reinforcemnt

Answer 25

reinforcement that occurs after every performace of a desired behavior most effective when teaching a new behavior

Question 26

intermittent reinforcement

Answer 26

reinforcemnt occurs after a desired behavior based on an interval or ration

Question 27

fized ratio

Answer 27

reifrocement after a preterdermined set of reponses

Question 28

variable ratation

Answer 28

reifrocemnt is unpredictable bc the numbe rvairss

Question 29

fixed interval

Answer 29

reinforcement occurs after a predetermined time has elapsed

Question 30

variable interval

Answer 30

reinforcemnet in unpredicatble bc the time varies

Question 31

social learning theory

Answer 31

the type of learning in which behaviors are learned by observing models

Question 32

modeling

Answer 32

the process of observingn and imitating a specidic behaviro

Question 33

prosocial behavior

Answer 33

positive, constructive, helpful behavior have prosocial effects

Question 34

antisocial behavior

Answer 34

hostile, harmful or destruvtuove bahavior that deviates from the norms of society