Unit 2b

Question 1

brain stem

Answer 1

lower part of brian
connects the cerebrum w/ spinal cord
regulates autonomic nervous system
medulla, PONS, thalamusm cerebellum

Question 2

medulla

Answer 2

base of brainstem
responsible for life maintaing proceses such as breathing and heartbeat
rriggers vomitting and sneezing

Question 3

cerebellum

Answer 3

behind top portion of brainstem
fine motor control (handwriting, coordination, posture and balance)
damage can cause balance, coordinaton and spacial awareness difficulties
helps w/ learning and rememberins skills
alchohol has significant affect on it

Question 4

reticular activating system

Answer 4

controls arousal and consciousness
damage can cause coma

Question 5

limbic system

Answer 5

borders brain stem
behaviors related to emotions, motivation, encoding of memories, and smell
amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus

Question 6

thalamys

Answer 6

sits on top of brain stem
brains sensory control center
incoming senroy info is received her and sent to cortex for processessing

Question 7

hypothalamus

Answer 7

regulastes the autonomic nervous system
monitors and regulates body temp, hunger, thirst, and sexual resposes
hormomes alert it of bodily states

Question 8

hippocampus

Answer 8

helps store info into long term memnory
stores spatial memory
one of 1st regions affected by alzheimers

Question 9

amygdala

Answer 9

processes emotions, especialy fear and aggression
triggers fight or flight
damage can cause peeps to lose their snse of fear, cause agression, or make them very passive
helps read others emotions
store memories form emotional situations

Question 10

PONS

Answer 10

connects spinal cord to brain
involved in automatic processes, especially the sleep wake cycle

Question 11

prefrontal cortex

Answer 11

judgement, planning, reasoning, problem solving, and personality
helps with moral judgement
people w/ damge can lose thir moral compass

Question 12

motor cortex

Answer 12

located in the rear of frontal lobes
controls voluntary movement

Question 13

brocas area

Answer 13

involved in speech production
located in left frontla lobe next to motor cortex

Question 14

brocas aphasia

Answer 14

difficulting in producing speech and written language

Question 15

frontal lobe

Answer 15

motor cortex
prefrontal cortex
brocas area

Question 16

cerebral cortex

Answer 16

outer layer of brian
involved in complex functions such as thought, awareness, memory, language and consiousness
divided by left and right hemispheres

Question 17

parietal lobes

Answer 17

procsses sensorty signlas
helps with spacial oreintation
somatosensoty cortex
top of brain

Question 18

somatosensory cortex

Answer 18

located in parietal lobes
registeers and processes body tough and movement sensations
sits behind motor cortex

Question 19

temporal lobes

Answer 19

involved in hearing, language processing, and memory
connected to limbic system
storage of long-term memories
primary auditory cortex
wernickes area
sides of brain

Question 20

primary auditory cortext

Answer 20

in temporal lobe
main site of auditory perception and processing

Question 21

wernickes area

Answer 21

comprehension and understanding of written and spoken language

Question 22

wernickes aphasia

Answer 22

difficulting expressing and understading written and spoken words
sentences produced are disorganizewd and lack meaning

Question 23

right fusiform gyrus

Answer 23

allows people to recognize human faces

Question 24

prospognasia

Answer 24

unable to recognize faces

Question 25

occipital lobes

Answer 25

processes visual info from eyes back of brain develops first

Question 26

corpus callosum

Answer 26

Large band of neural fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres Allows both hemispheres to communicate with each other

Question 27

plasiticity

Answer 27

brains ability to change buy reorganzing after damage by building new pathways based on experience easiest during childhood

Question 28

neurogenesis

Answer 28

formation of new neurons only occurs in memory and smell

Question 29

left hemisphere

Answer 29

control and sensory processing of right side of body speech, language, and comprehension math calculations time and sequencing recongition of words, letters and numbers

Question 30

right hemishepre

Answer 30

sensory processing and control of left side of body soatual ability modulating speech recognizing faces, places and objects perceiving and expressing emotion

Question 31

EEG

Answer 31

records brains electrical activity helps idetify seizures and abnormaliities

Question 32

fMRI

Answer 32

examines brain by measuring blood flow and oxygen use to certain regions

Question 33

split brain

Answer 33

Have the corpus callosum cut Left and right hemispheres no longer can communicate with each other Used to treat severe epilepsy

Question 34

circadiam rhuthm

Answer 34

Biological rhythms that concur once every 24 hrs; sleep-wake cycle

Question 35

hormone that causes sleep

Answer 35

melotonin

Question 36

NREM 1

Answer 36

5-10 min brain waves slow down heartrate slows, body relaxes, muscles may twitch

Question 37

NREM 2

Answer 37

10-30 min rapid burst of brain waves breathing regulates, body temp drops, new memories form, short dreas 50% of sleep at night

Question 38

NREM 3

Answer 38

20-40 min slow brain waves muscles relax, body starts physical repairs, shirt dreans deep sleep

Question 39

REM

Answer 39

10-50 min very fast waves bdoy is relazed, eyes move rapidly, vivid and long freams

Question 40

how many times sleep sycle per night

Answer 40

4-6

Question 41

sleep deficit

Answer 41

sick easier increase appetite (ghrelin) increases stress hormone: cortisol driver fatigue high bp, stress, depression, irritability

Question 42

dream consolidation theory

Answer 42

we dream bc its brains way of consolidating memories and events while we sleep

Question 43

why we dream: physiological

Answer 43

neural ability provides periodic simulation of the brianw

Question 44

why we dream: cognative development

Answer 44

dramatize wishes, fears and concens

Question 45

lucid dream

Answer 45

when you know you are deaming while u are aleep control how dream unfolds

Question 46

manifest

Answer 46

sites, sounds, and storyline of freamla

Question 47

latent

Answer 47

unconsiouss drives and wishes, symbolism of fream

Question 48

insomnia

Answer 48

the inability to fall asleep and stay asleep

Question 49

narcolepsy

Answer 49

prevents a person from choosing when to wake or sleep.

Question 50

night terrors

Answer 50

times of screaming or crying, intense fear, and sometimes waving arms and legs when not fully awake.

Question 51

sleep apnea

Answer 51

sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts.

Question 52

REM sleep behavior disorder

Answer 52

act out vivid, often unpleasant dreams with vocal sounds and sudden, often violent arm and leg movements during REM sleep