Unit 7 Quiz 1

Question 1

What is evolution?

Answer 1

Change in the allele frequency in a population over time

This can also be described as change in the gene pool of a population over time.

Question 2

Does evolution occur in individuals or populations?

Answer 2

Evolution occurs in populations, NOT individuals.

Question 3

What are the two areas of study in evolution?

Answer 3

Microevolution and Macroevolution.

Question 4

What is evolution?

Answer 4

Change in the allele frequency in a population over time

This can also be described as change in the gene pool of a population over time.

Question 5

Does evolution occur in individuals or populations?

Answer 5

Evolution occurs in populations, NOT individuals.

Question 6

What are the two areas of study in evolution?

Answer 6

Microevolution and Macroevolution.

Question 7

What’s microevolution?

Answer 7

Question 8

Whats macroevolution

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the three general requirements for evolution to occur?

Answer 9

• Variation in characteristics between individuals in a population
• Overproduction of offspring
• Competition for limited resources

Question 10

What must organisms possess to outcompete others for resources?

Answer 10

Genetic variations

Question 11

True or False: Overproduction of offspring is one of the requirements for evolution.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Organisms that possess genetic variations that allow them to outcompete others for resources will ______ and pass their genes on to the next generation.

Answer 12

survive

Question 13

What happens to allele frequency as a result of survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits?

Answer 13

It shifts towards their traits

Question 14

What does competition for limited resources lead to in a population?

Answer 14

Survival of the fittest

Question 15

What are the 5 mechanisms that can cause evolution in a population

Answer 15

Genetic drift, sexual selection, mutations, gene flow, natural selection

Question 16

What’s genetic drift?

Answer 16

Non selective change in allele frequency in a population due to random chance events that equally affect all members of the population regardless of their traits.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: genetic drift ___ genetic diversity and makes serviceability ____

Answer 17

Lowers
Difficult

Question 18

What are the two types of genetic drift

Answer 18

Founder effect and bottleneck event

Question 19

What is the founder effect?

Answer 19

Question 20

What is a bottleneck event?

Answer 20

Question 21

What’s a consequence of the founder effect

Answer 21

If the alleles for rare, recessive traits are present in high frequency in the new population there can be a higher incidence of rare, recessive diseases

Question 22

What is sexual selection?

Answer 22

Selective change where in allele frequency shifts due to selection of mates based on physical characteristics. Allele frequency shifts toward favorable traits

Question 23

What’s a mutation?

Answer 23

Random change in allele frequency caused by changes in DNA sequence that result in phenotypic variation that can be acted upon by natural selection

Question 25

What’s gene flow

Answer 25

Question 27

What is evolutionary fitness measured by?

Answer 27

Reproductive success ## Footnote This measures how well an organism can pass on its genes to the next generation.

Question 28

What is considered a fit organism?

Answer 28

An organism that survives and passes on its genes to the next generation ## Footnote This includes both survival and successful reproduction.

Question 29

True or False: Organisms that do not pass on their genes to the next generation are considered fit.

Answer 29

False ## Footnote Only organisms that successfully reproduce are deemed fit in evolutionary terms.

Question 30

What is natural selection

Answer 30

Selective and adaptive changes in allele frequency resulting from differential reproductive success in response to selective pressures from the environment. It’s the major driving force behind evolution

Question 31

What’s another word for natural selection

Answer 31

Differential reproduction

Question 32

Natural selection causes ____ in predator and prey species

Answer 32

Adaptation

Question 33

What is artificial selection

Answer 33

Selective and adaptive changes in allele frequency caused by humans selecting and breeding members of species for specific traits

Question 34

What’s direction selection

Answer 34

Question 35

What’s stabilizing selection

Answer 35

Question 36

What’s disruptive selection