Unit 9

Question 1

Fertilizer use

Answer 1

Main source of nitrous oxide emissions

Question 2

Higher air temperatures

Answer 2

Increased heat-related illness and death

Question 3

Dutch elm disease

Answer 3

Spread by elm bark beetles

Question 4

Commercial fisheries

Answer 4

Threatened by European green crabs

Question 5

Global climate

Answer 5

Affected by ocean heat and currents

Question 6

Water hyacinth

Answer 6

Forms mats, blocks sunlight, clogs waterways

Question 7

Zebra mussels

Answer 7

Attach to surfaces, clog pipes, harm natives

Question 8

Thermal expansion

Answer 8

Causes sea level rise from ocean heat

Question 9

Arctic

Answer 9

Methane source region

Question 10

Stratosphere

Answer 10

Volcanic gases here affect climate long-term

Question 11

Tectonic plates

Answer 11

Movement forms volcanoes, mountains, alters climate

Question 12

Mosquitoes

Answer 12

Breed more due to warming, spread disease

Question 13

Antarctica

Answer 13

Holds 90% of ice, 70% freshwater

Question 14

0.5

Answer 14

Global glacier surface area lost since 1800s

Question 15

Sea-level rise

Answer 15

Threatens coastal wetlands and wildlife

Question 16

Absorb

Answer 16

Oceans do this with atmospheric heat

Question 17

Store

Answer 17

Oceans do this with large amounts of heat

Question 18

Carbon dioxide

Answer 18

Oceans contain more than atmosphere

Question 19

Methane

Answer 19

Emitted by agriculture, waste, energy use

Question 20

Nitrous oxide

Answer 20

Emitted by fertilizer use

Question 21

Infrared radiation

Answer 21

Heat reflected from Earth’s surface

Question 22

Greenhouse gases

Answer 22

Trap heat in atmosphere

Question 23

Global warming

Answer 23

Increases disease from mosquitoes

Question 24

Ocean currents

Answer 24

Distribute heat globally

Question 25

Atomic oxygen

Answer 25

Forms ozone with O2

Question 26

Stratosphere

Answer 26

Contains most atmospheric ozone

Question 27

UVA

Answer 27

Causes tanning, close to visible light

Question 28

UVB

Answer 28

Causes sunburn, skin cancer

Question 29

UVC

Answer 29

Forms ozone, only in stratosphere

Question 30

Ozone Layer

Answer 30

Protects Earth from UVB radiation

Question 31

Ozone

Answer 31

Reactive, formed and broken down in stratosphere

Question 32

Chlorofluorocarbons

Answer 32

Carbon, chlorine, fluorine compounds

Question 33

Halocarbons (halons)

Answer 33

Carbon + halogen atoms (Cl, Br, F, I)

Question 34

Agriculture

Answer 34

Major source of N2O from soils

Question 35

Commercial and residential buildings

Answer 35

Emissions from on-site fuel use

Question 36

Energy supply

Answer 36

Largest source of greenhouse gas emissions

Question 37

Industry

Answer 37

On-site fossil fuel burning and cement CO2

Question 38

Land use and forestry

Answer 38

Includes deforestation and land clearing

Question 39

Transportation

Answer 39

Fossil fuel burning for movement

Question 40

Waste and wastewater

Answer 40

Methane from landfills and treatment

Question 41

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer 41

Released by fossil fuels and respiration

Question 42

Fluorinated gases

Answer 42

Include HFCs, PFCs, SF6 from industry

Question 43

Black carbon (soot)

Answer 43

Solid particle that warms atmosphere

Question 44

Ocean acidification

Answer 44

CO2 + seawater = carbonic acid

Question 45

Kyoto Protocol (2005)

Answer 45

UN climate change plan, ocean pH impact

Question 46

Montreal Protocol (1987)

Answer 46

Phases out ozone-depleting substances

Question 47

Paris Agreement (2016)

Answer 47

Global greenhouse gas treaty

Question 48

Adaptation

Answer 48

Survival in changing conditions

Question 49

Acclimatization

Answer 49

Gradual individual adjustment to environment

Question 50

Invasive species

Answer 50

Non-native plants or animals spreading

Question 51

Endangered species

Answer 51

High risk of extinction in the wild