Unit III Wars of Religion

Question 1

Why did Calvinist church organizations differ from Catholic.

Answer 1

They stressed regional and local religious authority.

Question 2

What did Catherine de Medicis’ do to preserve the French monarchy?

Answer 2

support both Catholics and Protestants

Question 3

Who ruled the political system of the Dutch?

Answer 3

wealthy merchants

Question 4

The Peace of Westphalia (1648) resulted in

Answer 4

The guaranteed independence of numberous small German states

Question 5

The Peace of Augsburg gave leaders the right to:

Answer 5

determine the religion of the people

Question 6

What characteristic of Government has politiques?

Answer 6

secular government

Question 7

Which of the religious groups benefited most from the Edict of Nantes?

Answer 7

Huguenots

Question 8

During the Thirty Years War, France pursued a policy of supporting who?

Answer 8

protestant princes and rulers against the Hapsburg

Question 9

What did the treaty of Prague do?

Answer 9

strengthen the Hapsburg and weaken the power of the German Princes

Question 10

The Defenestration of Prague was a response to which monarch’s policies?

Answer 10

Ferdinand and Archduke of Styria

Question 11

Did the defeat of the Spanish Armada encourage Catholicism?

Answer 11

no

Question 12

Who was responsible for restoring England to the Catholicism of Henry VIII?

Answer 12

Mary Tudor

Question 13

Did the Treaty of Westphalia elevate Sweden to the rank of an elector state?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

How many semi-autonomous states were in the Holy Roman Empire?

Answer 14

360

Question 15

Were there wars between the autonomous states?

Answer 15

yes but not always

Question 16

What treaty ended the Hapsburg Valois war and who won?

Answer 16

Cateau-Cambrèsis, Spain

Question 17

What type of wars are the Hapsburg Valois wars?

Answer 17

political/dynastic

Question 18

Who was Philip II?

Answer 18

Spanish ruler whose father was Charles V

Wanted to make Spain the dominant country with a main religion as Catholic.

Question 19

What is the Escorial?

Answer 19

Philip II’s mega estate

Question 20

What happened in the Largest Naval Battle in the 16th century?

Answer 20

The battle of Lepanto was a huge victory of Spain against the Ottomans.

Question 21

Was Spain successful in Europe after Lepanto?

Answer 21

No

Question 22

How many providences of the Dutch were led by William the Orange against Spain?

Answer 22

17

Question 23

Who did the Spanish Netherlands(Belgium) flee to to win the revolt against Spain?

Answer 23

English

Question 24

Who was King Philip’s wife?

Answer 24

Mary Tudor

Question 25

How did Spain try to invade England and why?

Answer 25

They sent their large but slow Spanish Armarda to impose Catholicism.

Question 26

Political philosophies and religious doctrine are often intertwined. Which pairings tended to go together in the late sixteenth century?

Answer 26

Absolute monarchy and Counter-Reformation Catholicism; decentralized local rule and Calvinism

Question 27

The Baroque style in art emphasized

Answer 27

Dramatic, three-dimensional displays of raw energy

Question 28

After the discovery of the Americas, Europe’s population

Answer 28

Increased dramatically

Question 29

In the sixteenth century, Spain’s hopes of building a world empire were foiled by the military resistance of

Answer 29

The Netherlands

Question 30

Who did Philip II send to suppress revolt in the netherlands?

Answer 30

Duke of Alva with his reign of Terror

Question 31

How many French Civil Religious wars were there?

Answer 31

9 wars

Question 32

What was Catherine the Great to France and her religion?

Answer 32

a reagent who worked under her three sons as kings; Catholic despite French Conversions to Calvinism

Question 33

What happened on St. Bartholemew’s day?

Answer 33

Catherine de Medici indirectly massacred Huguenots

Question 34

What type of war was the war of three Henrys.

Answer 34

Power struggle between 3 dynasties

Question 35

What was the order of the periods in the thirty years war?

Answer 35

Bohemia, Danish, Swedish, French

Question 36

What was the event that started the war and where did it occur?

Answer 36

Defenestration of Prague in Bohemia

Question 37

Who dominated the Danish Phase?

Answer 37

Catholics

Question 38

Who was Wallenstein?

Answer 38

A general hired by the HRE for Danish Phase

Question 39

What country was Gustavus Adolphus from?

Answer 39

Sweden

Question 40

What did the treaty of Westphalia do

(5)?

Answer 40

renewed peace of Augsburg
HRE gained calvinism and lost catholicism
Netherlands and Switzerland gained independence
France gained land and power
Hapsburgs lost power

Question 41

What did the Edict of Nantes do (3)?

Answer 41

Huguenots could privately worship in their own cities
They could take public office.
They could have fortified cities.

Question 42

French Huguenots were persecuted for the first time in 1525, because

Answer 42

The French hoped to ransom their king, who had been captured by the anti-Protestant Holy Roman Emperor

Question 43

Philip II ran large debts, but had access to significant cash flow as the ruler of the wealthy kingdom of

Answer 43

Castile

Question 44

What was the Pacification of Ghent?

Answer 44

A 1576 union of Catholic and Protestant provinces in the Netherlands, which allowed them to create a united front against Spain while maintaining distinct religious identities