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Pharm 1 Liners > Unstarred - Deck 2 > Flashcards

Unstarred - Deck 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)

A

Adenosine

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2
Q

Adenosine’s MOA

A

Activates acetylcholine sensitive K+ channels in SA and AV node

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3
Q

Anti-arrhythmic with <10 second duration of action

A

Adenosine

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4
Q

Drugs used in the management of angina

A

Aspirin
Beta blockers
CCBs
Nitrates

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5
Q

Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by

A

Platelet aggregation inhibition

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6
Q

Nitrate used for acute anginal attacks

A

Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets

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7
Q

Nitrate used to prevent further attacks

A

Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin

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8
Q

Nitrate free intervals are needed due to

A

Tolerance

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9
Q

SE of nitrates

A

Reflex tachycardia
Headache (d/t meningeal a. dilation)
Hot flashes
Hypotension (postural)

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10
Q

CCB are DOC for

A

Prinzmetal’s angina

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11
Q

Beta blockers are used for which type of anginal attack

A

Classic

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12
Q

MOA of Cardiac glycosides (eg. digoxin)

A

Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase

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13
Q

Digoxin is used in

A

Atrial fibrillation

CHF

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14
Q

Digoxin toxicity can be precipitated by

A

Hypokalemia

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15
Q

Antidote for digoxin toxicity

A

Digibind

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16
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors that increase mortality and have been found to have NO beneficial effects

A

Amrinone

Milrinone

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17
Q

SE of amrinone

A

Thrombocytopenia

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18
Q

Beta 1 agonists used in acute CHF

A

Dobutamine

Dopamine

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19
Q

Diuretics work in CHF by

A

Reducing preload

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20
Q

Beta blockers work in CHF by

A

Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)

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21
Q

Agent used in CHF that is a selective alpha and nonselective beta blocker

A

Carvedilol

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22
Q

Agent used in acutely decompensated CHF resembling natriuretic peptide

A

Nesiritide (Natrecor)

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23
Q

Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant

A

Warfarin (PT)

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24
Q

Warfarin is contraindicated in

A

Pregnancy

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25
Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy
Heparin
26
Route of administration of warfarin
Oral
27
Routes of administration of heparin
IV and subQ
28
SE of both warfarin and heparin
Bleeding
29
SE of heparin
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
30
Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Lepirudin
31
MOA of aspirin
Irreversibly blocks COX1 and COX2
32
Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Aspirin
33
SE for ticlopidine
Agranulocytosis | Neutropenia
34
Effective in preventing TIA's
Clopidogrel | Ticlopidine
35
Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin
Ticlopidine
36
Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross-linking
Tirofiban Eptifibatide Abciximab
37
Prevents thrombosis in patients with artificial heart valve
Dipyridamole
38
Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA
Tissue plasmin activator (TPA)
39
Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Streptokinase
40
SE of tPA
Cerebral hemorrhage
41
Antidote for thrombolytics
Aminocaproic acid
42
Agent to treat hypochromic microcytic anemias
Ferrous sulfate
43
Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Deferoxamine
44
Agent used for neurological deficits in megaloblastic anemia
Vitamin B12
45
Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
G-CSF (filgrastim) and GM-CSF (sargramostim)
46
These decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Bile acid-binding resins
47
Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
48
Major nutritional side effect of bile acid-binding resins
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A, D, E, K)
49
Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Bile acid-binding resins
50
MOA of lovastatin (STATIN)
inhibits HMG COA reductase
51
SE of HMG COA reductase inhibitors
Rhabdomyolysis | Hepatotoxicity
52
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are contraindicated in
Pregnancy
53
Cutaneous flush due to niacin can be reduced by pretreatment with
Aspirin
54
Most common SE of fibrates
Nausea
55
Fibrates are contraindicated in
Pregnancy
56
Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of
Rhabdomyolysis
57
MOA of NSAIDS
Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase (COX)
58
Class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
59
Four main actions of NSAIDS
Anti-inflammatory Analgesia Antiplatelet Antipyretic
60
Difference between aspirin and other NSAIDS
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
61
SE of salicylates
GI bleeding | Tinnitus
62
NSAID available orally, IM, IV, nasally, and ophthalmically
Ketorolac
63
NSAID that is used for acute condition, such as pre-op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Ketorolac
64
The reason why aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral infection
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
65
COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Gastric ulcers/GI Bleeding
66
Newer NSAIDs that selectively inhibit COX-2
Celecoxib
67
COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Pre-existing cardiac or renal disease
68
SE of acetaminophen
Hepatotoxicity
69
SE of gold salts
Agranulocytosis Aplastic anemia Dermatitis of the mouth
70
MOA of gold salts
Alter activity of macrophages and suppress phagocytic activity of PMNs
71
Causes bone marrow suppression
Methotrexate
72
SE of penicillamine
Aplastic anemia and renal
73
Interferes with activity of T-lymphocytes
Hydroxychloroquine
74
SE of hydroxychloroquine
Retinal destruction | Dermatitis
75
Anti-malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Hydroxychloroquine
76
Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)
Etanercept [ENBREL] | Infliximab [REMICADE]
77
Anti-rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Sulfasalazine
78
NSAIDS used in gout
Indomethacin | ibuprofen
79
MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Inhibiting Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis
80
NSAID avoided in gout because low doses increases uric acid levels
Aspirin
81
SE of colchicine
Diarrhea Hepatotoxicity Nephrotoxicity Myelosuppression
82
MOA of Colchicine (used in acute gout)
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
83
Recombinant uricases that enhance uric acid metabolism
Rasburicase | Pegloticase
84
Agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid excretion through inhibition of URAT1 anion transporter
Probenecid

Pharm 1 Liners (8 decks)

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