Urology

Question 1

5-alpha reductase inhibitors: Finasteride

Answer 1

Good for BPH and alopecia

Side effects: decreased libido, ejaculate volume, gynecomastia (enlarged breast in men)
-pregnant women do not handle pills

Question 2

Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists: Tamsulosin

Answer 2

Relaxes smooth muscle, good for BPH and urinary retention

Side effects: hypotension, dizziness, nasal congestion, sleepiness, faintness, problems with ejaculation, Floppy iris syndrome following cataract surgery (hold med before surgery)

Question 3

PDE5 inhibitors: Sildenafil

Answer 3

Good for ED and BPH

Side effects: MI, sudden death, priapism (erection lasts more than 4 hrs, can lead to irreversible damage), sudden hearing loss
-not with nitrates due to severe drop in BP

Question 4

Muscarinic Agonists: Bethanechol

Answer 4

Relaxes GU tract good for urinary retention postop and postpar

Side effects: extreme stimulation can cause increased gastric acid secretion, ab cramps, bradycardia, diarrhea, sweating, tearing, urinary urgency, hypotension, bronchoconstriction (asthma exacerbation), dysrhythmias in those with HTN

Question 5

Muscarinic Antagonists: Oxybutynin

Answer 5

Good for overactive bladder, prevents contractions and urge to void

Side effects: anticholinergic effects, CNS (hallucinations, confusion, insomnia, nervousness), cardio (prolonged QT, tachy)