Urology

Question 1

Urinary Process Hormones

Answer 1

ADH and Aldosterone

Question 2

Urinary Output during excessive hydration

Answer 2

In times of excessive fluid, the body will excrete a large volume of hypotonic dilute urine to conserve the necessary salts

Question 3

Urinary Output during dehydration

Answer 3

Excrete a small volume of hypertonic concentrated urine

Question 4

Collecting Duct

Answer 4

Determines how much salt is actually lost in urine
The osmotic gradient created in the earlier regions of the nephron allows the kidney control in the final concentration of the urine

Question 5

Distal Tubule

Answer 5

Regulates concentration of K+ and NaCl

Helps control pH by reabsorbing HCO3- and secreting H+

Question 6

Ascending Loop of Henle

Answer 6

Freely permeable to NaCl but not water

Assists in the control of water and salt concentrations

Question 7

Descending Loop of Henle

Answer 7

Freely permeable to water but not NaCl

Assists in the control of water and salt concentrations

Question 8

Proximal Tubule

Answer 8

Reabsorbs 75% of NaCl and water of filtrate
Nutrients such as glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed here unless their concentration is higher than the absorptive capacity

Question 9

Bowman’s Capsule

Answer 9

The sac that surrounds the glomerular capillaries

Question 10

Glomerular Capillaries

Answer 10

Early portion of the nephron where the filtration process begins

Question 11

Regions of Nephron

Answer 11

Renal corpuscle, Proximal tubule, Loop of Henly, Distal tubule and Collecting duct system

Question 12

Medulla

Answer 12

Is divided into structures called renal pyramids, which dump urine into the major and minor calyces
From there, urine is sent to the bladder via the ureter
The urine exits the body via the urethra

Question 13

Cortex

Answer 13

Outer region of the kidney

Question 14

Renal Artery

Answer 14

Brings blood from the kidneys

Question 15

Renal Vein

Answer 15

Brings blood to the kidneys