validity

Question 1

internal validity

Answer 1

cause and effect relationship bet change in iv and observed effect in dv
if change in dev was due to anything other than iv then findings lack internal validity

Question 2

external validity

Answer 2

can findings be generalised beyond the study in the real world

Question 3

things decreasing internal validity

Answer 3

• soc des bias
• demand characteriscts
• uncontrolled extraneous variables (not using standardised procedures and controling for ppt variables by random allocation
• investigator effects, researcher bias where they uncon or con influence results, they body lang or tone can effect the ppt and also they could be biaswed in their interpretation of responses

Question 4

what can limit external val

Answer 4

• low mundane realism
• low pop val (sample not rep of larger pop eg in terms of culture, race, age)
• low temporal validity (can findings of study be related to other time periods

Question 5

ways of assessing validty

Answer 5

• face validity ( does the test measure what is claims to measure)
• concurrent valdity - the extent to which data from a new test is sim to an establsihed test of the same varibale, test of correlation of 0.8 or higher

Question 6

ways of improving internal validity

Answer 6

• random allocation to control ppt variables
• standard proecures to control extraneous v
• counerbalancing to control order effects
• single and double blind trials to control researcher bias and demand characteristcs
• peer review to control researcher bias

Question 7

ways of improving external val

Answer 7

• replicate findings in multiple settings
• replicate findings in diverse group of ppl (pop val)
• replicate findings in historical studies (temporal val)
• rep findings using realistic tasks (mundane realism)