variations

Question 1

3 factors affecting tooth development and eruption

Answer 1

• nutrition
• physical phenomenon
• infection

Question 2

acquired variations in morphology

Answer 2

NOT genetically related

Question 3

non-environmental variations

Answer 3

genetically related

Question 4

wear mechanisms are

Answer 4

non-bacterial and not trauma

Question 5

wear due to tooth-to-tooth contact

Answer 5

attrition

Question 6

non-masticatory movements

Answer 6

abrasion

Question 7

non-bacterial chemical action

Answer 7

erosion

Question 8

flexural forces

Answer 8

abfraction

Question 9

factors affecting attrition

Answer 9

• diet
• habits (gum, tobacco)
• malocclusion

Question 10

condition involving attrition

Answer 10

bruxism

Question 11

material detached from surface due to hard particles

Answer 11

abrasion

Question 12

toothpaste is a

Answer 12

3 surface body

Question 13

examples of abrasion

Answer 13

toothbrushing, pipe smoking

Question 14

what is worse while toothbrushing

Answer 14

horizontal orientation and the actual tooth paste

Question 15

wedge-shaped lesions with sharp internal and external line angles

Answer 15

abfraction

Question 16

what causes abfraction

Answer 16

tensile stress from mastication and malocclusion

Question 17

mechanism of abfraction

Answer 17

flexural forces disrupt enamel and dentin by cyclic fatigue, leading to cracks and chips (cervical area)

Question 18

loss of a portion of a tooth

Answer 18

trauma

Question 19

abnormal curvature of the crown or root, 45 deg to >90 deg

Answer 19

dilaceration or flexion

Question 20

causes of dilaceration

Answer 20

• traumatic injury

- insufficient space for development

Question 21

shortened roots with normal sized crown

Answer 21

dwarfed roots

Question 22

excessive cementum around root

Answer 22

hypercementosis

Question 23

causes of hypercementosis

Answer 23

• trauma
• attrition
• systemic diseases
• periapical inflammation
• perio

Question 24

which teeth are most affected by hypercementosis

Answer 24

premolars

Question 25

types of hypercementosis

Answer 25

- club shaped - focal - circular

Question 26

submerged tooth (tooth erupted but failed to reach occlusion)

Answer 26

ankylosis

Question 27

mechanism of ankylosis

Answer 27

infection of trauma to PDL, looses its PDL space, tooth fuses to alveolar bone

Question 28

which tooth is most commonly affected by ankylosis

Answer 28

2nd deciduous molars

Question 29

dens in dente (dens invaginatus)

Answer 29

invagination of enamel organ into crown

Question 30

where does dens in dente occur commonly

Answer 30

max lateral incisors

Question 31

risk of dens in dente

Answer 31

bacteria can easily penetrate pulp chamber

Question 32

types of dens in dente

Answer 32

I: coronal third II: middle third II: root apex

Question 33

fusion of two teeth at the roots only (via cementum)

Answer 33

concrescence

Question 34

where is concrescence commonly observed

Answer 34

maxillary molar region

Question 35

causes of accessory roots

Answer 35

- trauma - metabolic dysfunction - pressure

Question 36

teeth with accessory roots usually

Answer 36

3rd molars

Question 37

single rooted teeth that commonly have accessory roots

Answer 37

mandibular canines and premolars

Question 38

teeth that dont erupt due to mechanical obstruction

Answer 38

impacted teeth

Question 39

another name for supernumerary teeth

Answer 39

hyperdontia

Question 40

if the supernumerary tooth is found at the midline of the max arch

Answer 40

mesiodens

Question 41

if extra tooth is lingual or buccal to molars

Answer 41

paramolar

Question 42

if extra tooth is distal to 3rd molar

Answer 42

distomolar

Question 43

most common cause of impacted incisors

Answer 43

supernumerary teeth

Question 44

large teeth

Answer 44

macrodontia

Question 45

small teeth

Answer 45

microdontia

Question 46

factors causing microdontia

Answer 46

- high dosage of drugs | - radiation

Question 47

example of single microdontia

Answer 47

peg laterals

Question 48

small teeth and large jaw

Answer 48

relative generalized microdontia

Question 49

only small teeth

Answer 49

true generalized microdontia

Question 50

most commonly affected by microdontia

Answer 50

max lateral incisor | 3rd molars

Question 51

peg laterals develop from

Answer 51

1 labial lobe (instead of 3)

Question 52

down syndrome patients

Answer 52

- large deciduous - small permanent (microdontia) - higher prevalence of missing teeth - fissure tongue

Question 53

enlarged pulp chamber in posterior teeth (looks like a walking man)

Answer 53

taurodontia

Question 54

what causes taurodontia

Answer 54

apical displacement of furcation area

Question 55

splitting of a single tooth germ

Answer 55

germination or twinning

Question 56

germination

Answer 56

single root and common pulp canal

Question 57

union of tooth germs

Answer 57

fusion

Question 58

count the tooth as one, there will be reduced # of teeth

Answer 58

fusion

Question 59

count the tooth as one, there will be the same # of teeth

Answer 59

germination

Question 60

odontogenic tumor

Answer 60

odontoma