vertebra and vertebral column

Question 1

5 levels of vertebral column and how many vertebrae in each ?

Answer 1

Cervical - 7 and 8 nerves
Thoracic- 12  and 12 nerves
Lumbar- 5
Sacrum - 5
Coccyx - 4

Question 2

curve of lower back

Answer 2

lordosis

Question 3

curve of upper back

Answer 3

Kyphosis

Question 4

lateral displacement of vertebral column

Answer 4

scoliosis

Question 5

Label parts of vertebrae

Answer 5

Question 6

Atlas’ characteristics

Answer 6

• No body
• no spinous process
• arches on both sides
• posterior tubercle and anterior tubercle

Question 7

Axis characteristics

Answer 7

• Dens that interacts with atlas
• spinous process (bifid, divide into 2 parts)
• strongest cervical vertebra

Question 8

Intervertebral disc

Answer 8

cartilaginous
Annulus fibrosis: tough outside part, connects vertebrae, ligament fibres which run opposite to the next (onion)
nucleus pulposus : squishy inside (belly doughnut)

Question 9

posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 9

long ligament that runs posterior to vertebral bodies

Question 10

ligamentum flavum

Answer 10

runs between lamina and Invertebral discs. serve as covering over spinal cord.

Question 11

whats this

Answer 11

radiate ligament

unites front of the head of a rib with the bodies of the two vertebra and invertebrate disc

Question 12

anterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 12

broad and strong band of fibres which runs anteriorly down the bodies of vertebra

Question 13

cervical vertebra characteristics

Answer 13

• Small and wider side to side than anteroposteriorly.
• superior surface is concave
• inferior surface is convex
• superior facets directed superoposteriorly
• inferior facets directed inferno-anteriorly

Question 14

thoracic vertebra characteristics

Answer 14

• body is heart shaped
• circular and smaller vertebral foramen than C and L
• superior articular facets directed posteriorly and slightly laterally, —-inferior articular facets directed anteriorly and slightly medially
• long spinous and transverse process

Question 15

lumbar vertibra

Answer 15

-massive body, kidney shaped
-vertibral foramen : triangular and larger then C and T
articular processes: superior articular facets directed posteromedially, inferior art facets directed anterolaterally
-spinous process : short and sturdy

Question 16

nuchal ligament

Answer 16

strong median ligament of the neck

Question 17

transverse ligament of atlas

Answer 17

prevents displacement of atlas over the axis