hamstrings

Question 1

Answer 1

semitendinosus

• *Proximal attachment** : ischial tuberosity
• *Distal attachment** : medial surface of superior part of tibia
• *action** : extend hip joint; flex knee joint and rotate the leg medially when knee is flexed; when hip and knee are flexed; can extend trunk
• *innervation** : tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 2

Answer 2

semimembranosus

Proximal attachment : ischial tuberosity

distal attachment : posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)

action : extend hip joint; flex knee joint and rotate the leg medially when knee is flexed; when hip and knee are flexed, can extend trunk

innervation : tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 3

Answer 3

biceps femoris, long and short head

proximal attachment

• Long head* : ischial tuberosity
• Short head* : linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

distal attachment : lateral side of head of fibula; tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee

action : flexes knee joint and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed; extends hip joint

short head : true hmstring flexor no action on hip

innervation

long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Short head : common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 4

medial rotators

Answer 4

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

tensor fascia latte

semitendinosus

semimembranosus

Question 5

lateral rotators

Answer 5

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

piriformis

obturator internus and gemelli

obturator externus

quadratus femoris

biceps femoris

gluteus maximus

Question 6

sciatic nerve

Answer 6

• supplies everything in back of the leg
• splits into tibial (medial) and common fibular nerve (more lateral)