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Vertebrate Test Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

What animal is the closest link to terrestrial vertebrates

A

Lobe finned fish

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2
Q

What class of fish is cartilaginous and has jaws

A

Cartilaginous fish

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3
Q

Where do lungfish live

A

Mud and at great depths

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4
Q

Name and describe the three classes of bony fish

A

Ray finned
Majority of fish
Have long spines that form fins

, lung,
Live in austrailia,Africa, South America,
In wet season they live in water in great depths, using gills to eliminate CO2, bring in air through primitive lung
In the dry season they burrow into the mud and become dormant

coelacanth fish
2 species alive today
Have stubby fins and triple lobed tail
Found off of coast of East Africa, Austrailia (Indian Ocean)
Closest link to terrestrial vertebrates
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5
Q

Name the three main classes of fish and examples of each

A

Class Agnatha
Lampreys and hagfish

Class Chondrichthyes
Sharks, skates, Rays

Class Osteichthyes
Ray finned fish, lungfish, coelacanth

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6
Q

How many chambers heart do fish have

A

2

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7
Q

What does Chondrichthyes mean

A

Cartilage fish

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8
Q

What fish has six hearts and lacks eyes

A

Hagfish

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9
Q

What fish has circular sucking discs

A

Lampreys

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10
Q

Oste means what

A

Bone

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11
Q

What percent of vertebrates are bony fish

A

40%

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12
Q

Know the fish parts on diagram

A

You can do it!

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13
Q

Know the functions of the fish parts

A

Hang in there !

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14
Q

Are fish cold or warm blooded

A

Cold

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15
Q

What does amphibian mean

A

Both life

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16
Q

List the 3 orders of amphibians and give examples of each

A 
Order Anura (frogs and toads)
Urodela (salamanders)
Apoda (caecilians)
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17
Q

Adult amphibians eggs lack what

A

Shells

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18
Q

Urodela means what

A

Visible tail

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19
Q

Anura means

A

Without a tail

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20
Q

How many chambers does an adult amphibian have, tadpoles

A

3, 2

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21
Q

Why must amphibians live in moist ares

A

Aquatic larvae
Eggs don’t have shells, they dry out
Skin has no protective covering to prevent it from drying out
Most adults bring in some O2 through their skin

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22
Q

Animals that can’t regulate body temperature are considered

A

Cold blooded

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23
Q

List three ways to toads and frogs apart

Study These Flashcards
A

Frogs have longer legs than toads, frogs have slender bodies and toads have squat bodies, frogs have smooth skin and toads are covered in bumps

24
Q

How long does it take tadpoles to hatch

25
Frogs have what kind of fertilization
External fertilization or oviparous
26
What group of amphibians are blind
Order Apoda or caecilians
27
Apoda means
Without legs
28
Know the parts of the frog!
You got this!
29
Know the function of the frog parts
You know this!
30
How many species of amphibians are there
Approx. 4,000
31
What does amphi and bios mean
Both and life
32
Amphibians live part of their life in what
Water
33
Amphibians lack
Claws and scales
34
Amphibians have
Moist skin with many glands
35
Amphibians have a what circulatory system, know what it looks like
Closed
36
What are the parts of the adult amphibians heart
Right atrium, left atrium, ventricle
37
Know what a tadpole heart looks like
Just keep going!
38
Amphibians kidneys filter nitrogenous waste from blood. Is sent to the. For release or stored briefly in the urinary bladder
Urine, cloaca
39
Amphibians have well developed what that can do what
Eyes. Can almost see complete circle around them
40
Amphibians have well developed but no
Hearing, external ear openings
41
What are the steps in frogs fertilization
1. Males climb on the females back 2. Females release approximately 200 eggs and the male fertilizes them 3. Fertilized eggs are surrounded by a transparent jelly and attached to an under water plant 4. Tadpoles hatch in 1-3 weeks
42
What type of fertilization do salamanders have, how do they sometimes fertilize
Internal, oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous, males lay a pocket of sperm and female inserts pocket into her cloaca
43
Where do order Anura live, where are frogs and toads found
All over US, both in moist areas, toads can be in dry areas
44
Where do urodela live, salamanders that live mainly in water are called what
Moist areas, newts
45
What are characteristics of Apoda
Have slender bodies and no limbs, Resemble worms Most adults are either blind or have tiny eyes
46
What are the most primitive living vertebrates today
Fish
47
What are characteristics of fish
Most have scales and fins | Have pharyngeal slits (gills)
48
How do fish feed
All types
49
Most fish breath through what using what
Gills, countercurrent exchange
50
What kind of circulatory system do fish have
2 chambered hearts, with atrium and ventricle, closed circulatory system
51
, containing waste is removed through , and ,
Nitrogen, gills, kidneys
52
Most fish are either
Male or female
53
What are the 3 main strategies of fish reproduction and what are they
Oviparous Lay eggs and the eggs are extremely fertilized Ovoviviparous Internal fertilization , eggs develop inside the female nourished be a yolk sac Viviparous Internal fertilization resulting in embryos nourished by the mother , babies born alive
54
What are class Agnatha , describe the fish
Jawless fish Lampreys Parasitic as adults, attach to fish and suck out tissue and fluids, have circular sucking discs ``` Hagfishes Most primitive vertebrate alive today Lacks eyes Feed on dead/dying fish Secrete slime Have 6 hearts Open circulatory system Tie themselves in knots ```
55
Characteristics of class Chondrichthyes
Endoskeleton is cartliege and not bones | Have tooth like scales
56
Characteristics of sharks
225 living species 3000 teeth that are continuously replaced Goes through 20000 teeth in a lifetime Teeth point backwards
57
Characteristics of Rays and skates
Flattened top to bottom | Move by flapping wing like pectoral fins

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