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AP Civics & Government > VIII - Political Parties > Flashcards

VIII - Political Parties Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Political party

A

Group trying to win elections & control of the gov’t

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2
Q

Party membership

A

Open

Fluid

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3
Q

Party as an organization

A

National
State
Local

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4
Q

Party in gov’t

A

Elected officials who hold political office

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5
Q

Political parties are an example of a

A

linkage institution

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6
Q

Tasks of Parties

A

Select/Recruit candidates
Run campaigns
Articulate policies & platforms
Coordinate policy-making between executive & legislative branches

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7
Q

How were party candidates nominated during 19th century?

A

Through nomination by leadership

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8
Q

How are party candidates decided?

A

Party membership voting in primary elections

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9
Q

Policy articulation can lead to what?

A

Mobilization & education of voters

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10
Q

Party identification

A

Preference for one political parties over another

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11
Q

“Independents”

A

Voters that align with neither Democrats or Republicans but rather vote for policies not candidates

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12
Q

Straight ticket voting

A

Voter chooses candidates from same political party for every office up to election

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13
Q

Ticket splitting

A

Vote for different political parties for different political offices

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14
Q

Local parties

A

the main party organization in the past

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15
Q

Example of local party

A

Boss Tweed in NY

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16
Q

How did local parties lead to corruption?

A

Urban political machines got vote & rewarded voters for support

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17
Q

Patronage

A

Jobs given to supporters/ campaign contributors

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18
Q

What happened to political machines during Progressive Era?

A

Reforms required jobs to be merit-based

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19
Q

State party

A

Organizations decide the rules for voting

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20
Q

Open primary

A

All voters can vote in the election

Don’t have to be registered with political party

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21
Q

Closed primary

A

Must be registered party member to vote

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22
Q

National convention

A

takes place every 4 years to formally nominate the presidential candidate and to adopt the party platform

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23
Q

National committee

A

Ran by National Chairperson who manages the operations of the party

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24
Q

Tasks of national committee

A

Hires staff
Raise money
Represent party in media
Daily duties of party

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25
Political party in power will have
the most influence over public policy
26
Coalition
Individuals & groups that support a party based on party's performance in office
27
Campaign promises are most likely
not kept
28
Not kept promises examples
LBJ: Vietnam | Bush #1: Taxes
29
Main factor in not kept promises
Losing control of legislative branch
30
Constitution Political parties
No mention of political parties in the Constitution
31
Washington's "Farewell Address"
Issued warning about political parties
32
Many other democratic countries have more than
Two parties
33
Two-party system
Existed for most of American history
34
1st Party System | 1796-1824
Federalist vs Democratic Republicans
35
Federalist
Hamilton & Washington | Favored strong central gov't (BUS issue)
36
Democratic Republicans
Jefferson Favored strong state gov't, weaker national gov't Agrarian
37
Election of 1800
Loyal opposition & rotation of power
38
2nd Party System | 1828-1856
Whigs vs Democrats
39
Democrats
Lead by Jefferson Expanded suffrage for white males Elimination of property requirements for voting
40
Whigs
Lead by Henry Clay | Formed in opposition of Andrew Jackson
41
Republicans & Democrats | 1860-1928
Republicans
42
Republican Party
Formed in opposition to expansion to expansion of slavery | Post Civil War: Favored high tariffs, internal improvements, etc.
43
Democrats
Control south & urban areas
44
New Deal Coalition | 1932-1964
Great Depression & election of 1932 led to shift in party loyalties
45
Democratic party
Lead by FDR | Supported increased gov't involvement
46
New Deal Coalition made up of
Urban residents Unions Poor African Americans
47
Impact of New Deal Coalition
Kept Democrats in power until 1964 | LBJ's Great Society
48
What caused the end of New Deal Coalition?
Battle over Vietnam War and civil rights policies
49
Southern Realignment | 1968-Present
Nixon wins presidency in 1968 | Support for states' rights, law & order, strong military
50
What happened to demographics during Southern Realignment?
Southern white voters left Democrats ever since Democrats supported civil rights in 1948
51
Era of Divided Party Gov't
Different parties control the executive & legislative branches
52
Political Dealignment
Voters moving away from both parties
53
Third parties
Any parties that isn't the two main parties
54
Three types of 3rd parties
Causes parties Offshoots of major parties Individual aspirations
55
Causes parties
Promote a certain issue (prohibition, anti-abortion,etc.)
56
Offshoots of major parties
Teddy ran in 1912 under the Progressive Party
57
Individual aspirations
Party that forms around an individual trying to get elected
58
How can third parties shape and outcome debate?
Splitting the vote | Forcing issues into national debate
59
Why only two parties?
US has a winner-take-all system, first past the post, etc.
60
Other countries have a
proportional representation
61
Responsible party model
Belief that majority party present a distinct, comprehensive governing program and commit toward its implementation Majority party would accept responsibility for its policies
62
What is a flaw of the responsible party model?
Political parties are tremendous complex and oftentimes do not agree on party platforms
63
Blue Dog Democrats
Refers to Northern Democrats that is much more liberal than Southern Democrats
64
Why is it hard to enforce party unity and voting in the US?
Weak party leadership

AP Civics & Government (36 decks)

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