IX - Nominations, Campaigns, Voting Behavior

Question 1

Nomination

Answer 1

Official political party endorsement for office

Question 2

Primary election

Answer 2

Nominees are usually chosen by political party

Question 3

General elecetion

Answer 3

decides who will get to serve in office

Question 4

Elections in the US typically

Answer 4

lasts a long time

Question 5

National Party Convention held

Answer 5

every 4 years

Question 6

Responsibilities of National PArty Convention

Answer 6

Formally nominates President & Vice President

Adopt the party’s platform

Question 7

Party nominee for president is known

Answer 7

before national convention

Question 8

Party nominee is based on

Answer 8

primary election results

Question 9

Primary election is a competition for

Answer 9

delegates

Question 10

Superdelegates

Answer 10

Individuals who are automatically delegates to the convention due to their being a member of Congress or party’s national committee

Question 11

Invisible primary

Answer 11

takes place out of public eye & well before primary voting begins

Question 12

Most states hold ——- ——— but a small number conduct ——–

Answer 12

Primary elections

Caucuses

Question 13

Caucus

Answer 13

Meeting in which citizens debate and vote on a nominee

Question 14

First state to hold caucus

Answer 14

Iowa

Question 15

Presidential primary

Answer 15

Citizens vote for their choice for candidate

Question 16

First state to hold presidential primary election

Answer 16

New Hampshire

Question 17

Early primaries/caucuses

Answer 17

Attraction attention from supporters & donor

Does not guarantee a candidate will stay the front-runner

Question 18

Two main types of primaries

Answer 18

Proportional

Winner take all

Question 19

Pros of Primary & Caucus system

Answer 19

Made the nominee selection process much more democratic

Question 20

Cons of Primary & Caucus system

Answer 20

Disproportionate amount of attention spent on early primary & caucus states
Candidates often neglect their duties while campaigning
Lots of money spent on these early contests
Low Voter turnout & voters are unrepresentative of party members views
Too much power to media

Question 21

Convention Send-Off

Answer 21

Before national convention, it is known who will be the nominee

Question 22

National Convention has become an infomercial for the party by

Answer 22

Messaging
Getting pumped
Platy platform

Question 23

Campaigning is

Answer 23

highly orchestrated
uses high-tech media
Cultivating an image to the votes

Question 24

Ways a campaign can reach potential voters

Answer 24

Televisions
Internet/ social media
Direct mail

Question 25

Candidates can get attention through

Answer 25

Advertising | News Coverage

Question 26

Effective campaigns often have

Answer 26

``` Campaign manager Media consultants Fundraisers Policy advisors & researchers Pollsters Press Secretary Lawyers Campaign support staff Website/ Social Media crew Volunteers ```

Question 27

Federal Election Campaign Act (1974)

Answer 27

Established the Federal Election Commission Required candidates to disclose publicly who gave them money and how money was used Placed limits on individual and interest group contributions Created a fund for public financing of elections

Question 28

Soft money contributions

Answer 28

Money given to a party rather than a candidate Originally not prohibited

Question 29

McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Act(2002)

Answer 29

Prohibited soft money contributions

Question 30

527 grousp

Answer 30

Emerge as a way to influence elections

Question 31

Groups can spend unlimited money as long as they do so

Answer 31

Independently with not coordination with the campaign | Do not explicitly endorse a candidate

Question 32

501(c) groups

Answer 32

Do not have to publicly disclose donor names or amount of donations

Question 33

Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (2010)

Answer 33

Money equals speech Corporations are people Prohibiting electioneering was violation of speech rights Rise of Super PACS

Question 34

Super PACS

Answer 34

independent expenditure-only political committees that may receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, labor unions and other political action committees for the purpose of financing independent expenditures and other independent political activity

Question 35

Campaigns serve three main purposes

Answer 35

Activation Reinforcement Conversion

Question 36

Activation

Answer 36

Inspire citizens to not only vote but also to contribute time & money to a candidates

Question 37

Reinforcement

Answer 37

Reinforce a voter's preference for a candidate

Question 38

Connversion

Answer 38

Changing voters' minds

Question 39

Campaigns predominantly

Answer 39

Reinforce & activate

Question 40

Conversions are rare beccause

Answer 40

Selection perception Party identification Incumbent advantage phenomenon

Question 41

Incumbent advantage phenomenon

Answer 41

Those that are in a position are more likely to receive more votes than new candidates

Question 42

Throughout American history there has been a

Answer 42

slow expansion of suffrage

Question 43

Amendments relating to suffrage

Answer 43

15th, 17th, 19th, 24th, 26th

Question 44

Small percentage of the electorate choose to

Answer 44

exercise their right to vote

Question 45

Voter registration

Answer 45

differs state by state

Question 46

Voter ID laws in some states require voters to

Answer 46

show a gov't issued photo ID when voting

Question 47

Factors in voting

Answer 47

Education | Age

Question 48

Party loyalty has

Answer 48

Eroded since the 1960s | Rise of independent voters

Question 49

Different Models of Voting Behavior

Answer 49

Rational-choice Retrospective Prospective Party-line

Question 50

Rational-choice voting

Answer 50

Voting base don what is perceived to be in the citizens' individual interest

Question 51

Retrospective voting

Answer 51

Voting to decide whether the party ot candidate in power shoiuld be re-elected based on the recent past

Question 52

Prospective voting

Answer 52

Voting based on predictions of how a party or candidate will perform in the future

Question 53

Party-line voting

Answer 53

Supporting a party by voting for candidates from one political party for all public offices across the ballot

Question 54

Electoral College

Answer 54

Decides the winner of the presidential election

Question 55

Winner-take-all allocation

Answer 55

Which candidates gets the most votes get all the state's electoral votes

Question 56

Proportional allocation occurs in

Answer 56

Maine and Nebraska

Question 57

Campaigns focus on

Answer 57

battleground states

Question 58

battleground states

Answer 58

states that have split support for Democratic and Republican candidates in recent presidential election cycles