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Anatomy LE > Visceral > Flashcards

Visceral Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

Thoracic cavity compartments

A

3

R and L pulmonary cavities
Mediastinum

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2
Q

Pulmonary cavities lined by

A

PLEURA - type of connective tissue

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3
Q

2 layers of PLEURA

A

Parietal = outer - Perimeter of the cavity

Visceral = inner- Lines the organs itself

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4
Q

Pleural cavity

A

potential space between the two layers (visceral and parietal)

Contains small amount of fluid that lubricates the surfaces

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5
Q

lungs - what are they

A

Vital organs of respiration

Purpose = oxygenate blood

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6
Q

apperence ​of lungs in normal person

A

In a live person, are light, spongy, and soft

with patho/smoking sponginess​ is gone

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7
Q

lungs apex

A

superior end

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8
Q

lung base

A

inferior end

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9
Q

lobes on the lungs

A

2 = left, where the heart sits
3 = right

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10
Q

Lingula

A

the tip or tongue-like projection of the upper lobe of the left lung

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11
Q

R lung lobes

A

Superior lobe
Middle lobe
Inferior lobe

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12
Q

L lung lobes

A

Superior lobe - Lingula
Inferior lobe

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13
Q

what are Bronchopulmonary segments?​

A

Subdivisions of each lobe
Pyramidal
Separated from each other by connective tissue

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14
Q

Bronchopulmonary segments vessels

A

Each has its own segmental bronchus and branch of pulmonary artery - Own air and blood

Surgically resectable- Because of own air and blood, we can just take out one segment

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15
Q

Bronchioles

A

the main airways (bronchi) branch off into smaller and smaller passageways — the smallest, called bronchioles, lead to tiny air sacs (alveoli).

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16
Q

Alveoli role

A

structural unit of gas exchange

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17
Q

Roots of lungs

A

where the lungs attach to the mediastinum

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18
Q

mediastinum

A

an important region of the body located between the lungs

Lots of fat and loose connective tissue
Contains all the thoracic viscera EXCEPT the lungs

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19
Q

Hilum what is it

A

“doorway” where major structures enter/exit the lung

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20
Q

what is found in the hilum

A

Bronchi
Pulmonary arteries and veins
Pulmonary nerve plexuses
Lymph vessels

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21
Q

arties in the lungs carry what kind of blood

A

deoxygenated blood

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22
Q

veins in the lungs carry what kind blood

A

oxygenated blood

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23
Q

Vascular supply of the lungs

A

1 pulmonary artery (deoxygenated blood) + 2 pulmonary veins (oxygenated blood)

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24
Q

Nerve supply of the lungs

A

pulmonary plexuses
Just know that these exist

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25
mediastinum
an important region of the body located between the lungs Contains all the thoracic viscera EXCEPT the lungs Lots of fat and loose connective tissue
26
hilum
“doorway” where major structures enter/exit the lung
27
mediastinum location
Shifted to the left – that is why heart is on the left 2/3 left 1/3 right
28
Middle mediastinum contains
pericardium, heart, and great vessels
29
Pericardium
membrane around the heart
30
Pericardium layers
Outer fibrous layer Inner serous layer
31
heart - R half serves what
pulmonary circuit
32
heart - L half serves what
systemic circuit
33
L half and right half pf the heart pressure
right half - lower pressure (only going to the lungs) left half - higher pressure (going to the whole body)
34
L half and right half of the heart pressure
right half - lower pressure (only going to the lungs) left half - higher pressure (going to the whole body)
35
R and L of the heart separated by what
a cardiac septum
36
HEART 4 chnambers
R atrium L atrium R ventricle L ventricle
37
Atria are what kind of chmabers
receiving chambers they are receiving blood
38
Ventricles
suction/compression/expulsion chambers
39
Valves
Atrioventricular valves Pulmonic and aortic valves
40
Atrioventricular valves
separate atria from ventricles
41
Pulmonic and aortic valves
prevent backflow
42
Layers of the heart wall
Endocardium = inner layer Myocardium = middle MUSCULAR layer Epicardium = outer serous layer
43
heart intrinsic​ nerve conduction
intrinsic nerve conduction system that coordinates contraction SA and AV nodes
44
Echocardiogram
echo, used ultrasound to look at blood flow to the heart, and valves
45
Angina
pain coming from the heart see cardio in confused
46
Electrocardiogram
records the electrical signal from the heart to check for different heart conditions
47
Superior mediastinum contents
Thymus (lymph gland) Great vessels Trachea – travels through the middle Esophagus – travels through sup med and pierce Thoracic duct and lymphatic trunks
48
Thoracic duct
largest lymph vessel in the body
49
right upper quadrent
Right lobe of the liver Gallbladder Pylorus of stomach Duodenum part 1-3 Head of pancreas Right kidney with right suprarenal gland Right colic flexure Superior part of ascending colon Right half of transverse colon.
50
Pylorus of stomach
The part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum
51
suprarenal gland
small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys
52
colic flexure
"flexure" is a place where the colon bends. Your colon has two flexures: one on the right side and one on the left
53
left upper quadrent
The left lobe of the liver The spleen The stomach The jejunum - si The proximal ileum - si The body and the tail of the pancreas The left kidney and the left suprarenal gland The left half of the transverse colon The splenic flexure of the colon The superior part of the descending colon
54
left lower quadrant (LLQ) contains:
the distal descending colon the sigmoid colon the left ureter left ovary left uterine tube left supermastic cord uteris urnary bladder
55
Right lower quadrant
The majority of the ileum The cecum and vermiform appendix The proximal ascending colon The proximal right ureter CBT
56
Peritoneum
same thing as PLEURA serous membrane lining the abdominal and pelvic cavities, 2 layers
57
2 layers of the peritoneum
Parietal peritoneum lines the walls of the cavities Visceral peritoneum lines the organs within the cavities
58
Peritoneal cavity
potential space between the two layers of peritoneum No organs, but contains peritoneal fluid that lubricates the surfaces
59
Abdominal viscera
Esophagus Stomach Intestines Spleen Pancreas Liver Gallbladder Kidneys Adrenal glands
60
Gi tract runs from
mouth to anus
61
Mouth GI function
eat and chew
62
Esophagus
carries food from pharynx to stomach
63
Stomach
adds enzymes to begin digesting; accumulates ingested food
64
Small intestine
absorbs food’s nutrients into the body
65
Large intestine
reabsorbs water, forms feces
66
Rectum, anus
store and expel feces
67
Hiatus means what
hole
68
Hiatal hernia
When the stomach starts to protrude through the diaphragm through the hole the esophagus comes through
69
Ulcers
secretion of gastric acid is too high
70
Visceral referred pain
pain related to the internal organs in the midline of the body - pain is vauge
71
Appendicitis
appendix is inflamed
72
Spleen location
L upper quarter of abdomen, protected by ribs
73
Roles in immunity of the spleen
Produces white blood cells Stores red blood cells Stores platelets
74
Pancreas location
Posterior to the stomach
75
Pancreas function
Produces insulin and glucagon Regulate blood sugar
76
Liver facts
Largest gland in the body 2.5% of body weight
77
Liver function
Secretes bile - Emulsified fat Receives nutrients from digestive system “Detox”
78
Bile duct
carries bile from liver to duodenum (of small intestine)
79
Gallbladder
stores bile Just support to hold the bile
80
Urinary organs location
Primarily retroperitoneal Post to the peritoneal cavity
81
Kidneys function
Produce urine Removes excess water, salts, and wastes from the blood
82
Kidneys location
Located T12-L3 on both sides - know this
83
Renal calculi
kidney stones Can get stuck anywhere – depending where they are changes the location of the pain
84
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
need to know this Aneurysm (expansion) of the abdominal aorta Just proximal to common iliac Serve lower back or abdominal pain D. palpating for the abdominal aorta to feel for a pulse, thumping or whooshing (concern) the paired with serve back pain

Anatomy LE (13 decks)

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