Vocabulary Flashcard Set #4

Question 1

Confounding Variable

Answer 1

those that affect other variables in a way that produces spurious or distorted associations between two variable

Question 2

Random Assignment

Answer 2

the assignment of participants or units to the different conditions of an experiment entirely at random, so that each unit or participant has an equal likelihood of being assigned to any particular condition

Question 3

Group Matching

Answer 3

a technique in research design in which a participant in an experimental group being exposed to a manipulation is compared on an outcome variable to a specific participant in the control group who is similar in some important way but did not receive the manipulation

Question 4

Double-Blind Procedure

Answer 4

a type of clinical trial in which neither the participants nor the researcher knows which treatment or intervention participants are receiving until the clinical trial is over

Question 5

Placebo Effect

Answer 5

a clinically significant response to a therapeutically inert substance or nonspecific treatment, deriving from the recipient’s expectations or beliefs regarding the intervention

Question 6

Experiment Bias

Answer 6

the tendency of a scientist or researcher to introduce bias into an experiment

Question 7

Participant Bias

Answer 7

occurs when the participants involved in research respond in a manner that suggests they are trying to match up with the desired result of the researcher

Question 8

Counterbalancing

Answer 8

arranging a series of experimental conditions or treatments in such a way as to minimize the influence of extraneous factors, such as practice or fatigue, on experimental results